Cases6009382/2024

Claimant v Sabtina Limited

23 December 2025Before Employment Judge AlliottWatfordin person

Outcome

Claimant succeeds

Individual claims

Unfair Dismissalsucceeded

The tribunal found the reason for dismissal was not gross misconduct but rather that the respondent simply wanted to get rid of the claimant having stripped him of duties. The tribunal found the respondent did not have a genuine belief in gross misconduct, did not conduct a reasonable investigation, and the dismissal was clearly procedurally unfair with total breach of ACAS Code – no notification of charges, no disciplinary hearing, no appeal.

Holiday Paysucceeded

The tribunal found the claimant had a contractual right to roll over unused holiday entitlement year on year from 1987, supported by contemporaneous documentation showing requests refused and agreement to pay in lieu as needed or at retirement. Tribunal found approximately 698 days accumulated (exact figure to be confirmed). Award amount to be determined subject to tax and NI.

Failure to Inform & Consultfailed

The tribunal found that while the claimant's response pointed out the respondent had not given details of allegations, the actual wording used did not constitute a specific request for written reasons for dismissal as required by s.92 ERA 1996 following guidance in H T Greenwood Limited v Miller.

Redundancy Paydismissed on withdrawal

The claimant accepted that the reason for dismissal was not redundancy and consequently the claim for redundancy payment was not pursued and dismissed.

Wrongful Dismissaldismissed on withdrawal

The claimant had been paid his notice pay and consequently this claim was dismissed.

Breach of Contractdismissed on withdrawal

Contractual inflation-linked pay adjustment had been paid to the claimant and consequently this claim was dismissed.

Breach of Contractnot determined

Outstanding expenses claim of £11,946.96 accepted as properly incurred but judgment reserved pending further submissions on whether reimbursement would breach sanctions regime and potentially constitute a criminal offence. Tribunal expressed preliminary view it would be wrong to order reimbursement if payment breaches sanctions.

Facts

The claimant was employed for 37 years from 1987, initially as Deputy Managing Director and latterly as Commercial Manager managing Libyan state-owned properties in the UK subject to sanctions regimes. From 1987 onwards the claimant regularly had holiday requests refused and accumulated untaken holiday with agreement it would be paid as needed or at retirement. In September 2022 a new board stripped the claimant of all responsibilities. He was summarily dismissed on 18 March 2024 allegedly for gross misconduct relating to failure to obtain OFSI licences for properties, renting to his sons' company, and mishandling litigation.

Decision

The tribunal found the dismissal was unfair as the reason was not gross misconduct but simply wanting to get rid of the claimant. There was no genuine belief in misconduct, no reasonable investigation, and total breach of ACAS procedures. The tribunal upheld the holiday pay claim finding a contractual agreement to roll over untaken holiday from 1987. A 33% Polkey reduction and 33% contributory fault were applied for potential misconduct regarding OFSI licences. The claim for failure to provide written reasons failed as no proper request was made.

Practical note

Long-serving senior employees with irregular holiday patterns may successfully claim decades of accumulated untaken holiday where there is contemporaneous evidence of a contractual agreement to roll over entitlement, even where statutory holiday limits would otherwise apply.

Adjustments

Polkey reduction33%

Tribunal found a proper investigation involving claimant's input would probably have taken about six months. There was a 33% chance the claimant's conduct regarding failure to obtain OFSI licences and leases for Regency Court and Queen's Gate Terrace would have been found sufficiently negligent and/or in breach of fiduciary duty to warrant dismissal had a fair procedure been adopted.

Contributory fault33%

Tribunal assessed claimant's contribution to his dismissal as the same as the Polkey reduction - 33% - based on conduct relating to OFSI licences and potential favouring of his sons' company.

Legal authorities cited

Revenue & Customs Commissioners v Stringer [2009] ICR 985Federatie Nederlandse Vakbeweging v Netherlands State [2006] ICR 962Beijing Ton Ren Tang (UK) Limited v Wang EAT 0024/09Chin v Arrive London North Limited ET 3300259/17Burdis v Dorset County Council EAT 0084/18Philander v Leonard Cheshire Disability EAT 0275/17Polkey v A E Dayton Services Ltd [1988] ICR 142BHS v Burchell [1978] IRLR 379H T Greenwood Limited v Miller EAT 499/87

Statutes

ERA 1996 s.23(4A)ERA 1996 s.13ERA 1996 s.123(6)ERA 1996 s.93ERA 1996 s.92ERA 1996 s.98Working Time Regulations 1998 reg.35Working Time Regulations 1998 reg.17Working Time Regulations 1998 reg.16Working Time Regulations 1998 reg.14

Case details

Case number
6009382/2024
Decision date
23 December 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
3
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
real estate
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Commercial Manager
Service
37 years

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
solicitor