Claimant v BP Exploration Operating Company Limited
Outcome
Individual claims
The respondent did not have actual or constructive knowledge of the claimant's ADHD or GAD disabilities at the relevant time. Section 15(2) provides a lack of knowledge defence which the respondent successfully established, therefore the claim failed.
The claimant failed to establish valid PCPs meeting the statutory test. The tribunal found the alleged PCPs either were not genuine PCPs (exclusion from investigation was a one-off act), or the claimant failed to prove group disadvantage or that he was put at particular disadvantage (competitive application requirement, OPQ, no written dismissal reasons). The respondent also established justification where applicable.
The respondent did not have actual or constructive knowledge of the claimant's disabilities at the relevant time. Schedule 8 paragraph 1 of the Equality Act 2010 provides that a person is not subject to the duty to make reasonable adjustments if they did not know and could not reasonably be expected to know of the disability.
Multiple harassment allegations all failed. Most involved conduct by Mr de Sousa (an Azule employee) for whom the respondent was not liable. Other allegations (Mr Forder's and Mr Doherty's comments) did not relate to the claimant's disability, did not have the purpose or effect of harassment, and it was not reasonable for the conduct to have the alleged effect. The tribunal found the claimant unreasonably prone to take offence and label comments as harassment when they were not.
Facts
Mr Lees was employed by BP from March 2022 to August 2023 as a Reliability Squad Lead. He was nominated for a three-year secondment to Azule Energy in Angola. Following a familiarisation trip to Angola in March 2023, Azule rejected him citing performance and behavioural concerns. He was removed from Azule in April 2023 and given temporary work in Colin Mitchell's team. He applied for a permanent role in that team but was not interviewed due to performance concerns. He was dismissed on capability grounds in August 2023. He brought claims of disability discrimination relating to ADHD and GAD, but was not formally diagnosed with these conditions until after his dismissal.
Decision
The tribunal dismissed all claims. The central finding was that the respondent had no actual or constructive knowledge of the claimant's disabilities (ADHD and GAD) at the relevant time. The claimant had not disclosed these conditions and was not diagnosed until after dismissal. This lack of knowledge was a complete defence to the discrimination arising from disability and reasonable adjustments claims. The indirect discrimination and harassment claims failed on their merits - the claimant failed to establish valid PCPs or group disadvantage, and the alleged harassment did not relate to disability.
Practical note
An employer cannot be liable for disability discrimination if it has no actual or constructive knowledge of the disability, even where the employee is subsequently formally diagnosed - knowledge is assessed objectively based on what the employer knew or ought to have known at the time, not with hindsight.
Legal authorities cited
Statutes
Case details
- Case number
- 4103968/2024
- Decision date
- 9 December 2025
- Hearing type
- full merits
- Hearing days
- 5
- Classification
- contested
Respondent
- Sector
- energy
- Represented
- Yes
- Rep type
- barrister
Employment details
- Role
- Reliability Squad Lead
- Service
- 1 years
Claimant representation
- Represented
- Yes
- Rep type
- lay rep