Cases4103968/2024

Claimant v BP Exploration Operating Company Limited

9 December 2025Before Employment Judge N M HosieScotlandin person

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Discrimination Arising from Disability (s.15)(disability)failed

The respondent did not have actual or constructive knowledge of the claimant's ADHD or GAD disabilities at the relevant time. Section 15(2) provides a lack of knowledge defence which the respondent successfully established, therefore the claim failed.

Indirect Discrimination(disability)failed

The claimant failed to establish valid PCPs meeting the statutory test. The tribunal found the alleged PCPs either were not genuine PCPs (exclusion from investigation was a one-off act), or the claimant failed to prove group disadvantage or that he was put at particular disadvantage (competitive application requirement, OPQ, no written dismissal reasons). The respondent also established justification where applicable.

Failure to Make Reasonable Adjustments(disability)failed

The respondent did not have actual or constructive knowledge of the claimant's disabilities at the relevant time. Schedule 8 paragraph 1 of the Equality Act 2010 provides that a person is not subject to the duty to make reasonable adjustments if they did not know and could not reasonably be expected to know of the disability.

Harassment(disability)failed

Multiple harassment allegations all failed. Most involved conduct by Mr de Sousa (an Azule employee) for whom the respondent was not liable. Other allegations (Mr Forder's and Mr Doherty's comments) did not relate to the claimant's disability, did not have the purpose or effect of harassment, and it was not reasonable for the conduct to have the alleged effect. The tribunal found the claimant unreasonably prone to take offence and label comments as harassment when they were not.

Facts

Mr Lees was employed by BP from March 2022 to August 2023 as a Reliability Squad Lead. He was nominated for a three-year secondment to Azule Energy in Angola. Following a familiarisation trip to Angola in March 2023, Azule rejected him citing performance and behavioural concerns. He was removed from Azule in April 2023 and given temporary work in Colin Mitchell's team. He applied for a permanent role in that team but was not interviewed due to performance concerns. He was dismissed on capability grounds in August 2023. He brought claims of disability discrimination relating to ADHD and GAD, but was not formally diagnosed with these conditions until after his dismissal.

Decision

The tribunal dismissed all claims. The central finding was that the respondent had no actual or constructive knowledge of the claimant's disabilities (ADHD and GAD) at the relevant time. The claimant had not disclosed these conditions and was not diagnosed until after dismissal. This lack of knowledge was a complete defence to the discrimination arising from disability and reasonable adjustments claims. The indirect discrimination and harassment claims failed on their merits - the claimant failed to establish valid PCPs or group disadvantage, and the alleged harassment did not relate to disability.

Practical note

An employer cannot be liable for disability discrimination if it has no actual or constructive knowledge of the disability, even where the employee is subsequently formally diagnosed - knowledge is assessed objectively based on what the employer knew or ought to have known at the time, not with hindsight.

Legal authorities cited

Hendricks v Metropolitan Police Commissioner [2003] ICR 530AEcom Ltd v Mallon [2023] EAT 104Archibald v Fife Council [2004] UKHL 32City of York Council v Grosset [2018] EWCA Civ 1105Ishola v London Transport [2020] ICR 1204Wilcox v Birmingham Citizens Advice Bureau Services [2011] UKEATMcClintock v Department of Constitutional Affairs [2008] IRLR 29Jones v University of Manchester [1993] IRLR 218Eastern and Coastal Kent PCT v Grey [2009] IRLR 429

Statutes

Equality Act 2010 Schedule 8 para 1Equality Act 2010 s.15Equality Act 2010 s.19Equality Act 2010 s.20Equality Act 2010 s.26

Case details

Case number
4103968/2024
Decision date
9 December 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
5
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
energy
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Reliability Squad Lead
Service
1 years

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
lay rep