Cases2303582/2022

Claimant v The members of the Executive Committee at the relevant time of the unincorporated association known as 'Samphire'

5 October 2025Before Employment Judge RamsdenLondon Southremote video

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Automatic Unfair Dismissalfailed

The tribunal found that the sole reason for the Claimant's dismissal was her conduct, not the making of protected disclosures. The trustees had genuine concerns about the Claimant's behaviour towards staff and her combative approach which was separable from her whistleblowing. The tribunal found the Trustees welcomed and accepted the Claimant's disclosures but dismissed her for conduct reasons.

Detrimentfailed

All 17 detriment allegations failed. Most failed because either the factual matters alleged were not made out, or they pre-dated the protected disclosures. For detriments that did occur after protected disclosures, the tribunal found they were not done on the ground of the protected disclosures, applying the separability principle (Kong). The tribunal accepted witnesses' evidence that actions were motivated by genuine conduct concerns, not the fact of whistleblowing.

Wrongful Dismissalfailed

The tribunal found objectively that the Claimant committed a repudiatory breach of her contract of employment through bullying, treating a colleague in an aggressive and intimidating manner, and a pattern of combative behaviour, resistance to management, and refusal to cooperate with trustees. This amounted to a fundamental breach going to the heart of the contract, justifying summary dismissal.

Unlawful Deduction from Wagesfailed

The claim for NJC pay award arrears failed because the Claimant did not satisfy the tribunal that post-employment NJC awards were 'properly payable' under her contract. The contract referenced NJC rates but did not clearly entitle her to awards agreed after termination. The TOIL claim failed as the Claimant never particularised hours or any contractual entitlement to payment on termination.

Holiday Payfailed

The Claimant asserted she took no holiday and was owed accrued pay. However, the bundle contained a payslip showing £1,850.94 holiday pay was paid to her on 21 July 2022. The Claimant provided no explanation as to what was incorrect about this payment and did not discharge the burden of proving she was owed more.

Facts

The Claimant was employed as Director of a small charity from January 2022. She raised governance concerns about payments to trustees and co-option procedures. In May 2022 she made a whistleblowing report. Staff, particularly the Finance Manager, complained about the Claimant's bullying and intimidating behaviour. The trustees decided to dismiss her for gross misconduct, including threatening behaviour towards staff and resistance to management, summarily dismissing her on 12 July 2022.

Decision

The tribunal found only two of five averred communications were protected disclosures, both made in late April/May 2022. All claims failed. The tribunal found the dismissal was solely for conduct reasons, not whistleblowing. The trustees genuinely believed staff would leave due to the Claimant's behaviour, risking the charity's survival. The tribunal found the Claimant committed repudiatory breach justifying summary dismissal through bullying, intimidation and resistance to management. All detriment allegations failed, mainly because they pre-dated disclosures or were not causally linked.

Practical note

A whistleblower can still be fairly and lawfully dismissed for conduct where the tribunal finds the employer welcomed the disclosures but could not tolerate the manner in which concerns were raised or the employee's subsequent behaviour towards colleagues and management—the separability principle applies.

Legal authorities cited

Nagarajan v London Regional Transport [2000] 1 AC 501Kong v Gulf International Bank (UK) Ltd [2022] IRLR 416Kilraine v London Borough of Wandsworth [2018] ICR 1850Royal Mail Group Ltd v Jhuti [2019] UKSC 55Bolton School v Evans [2006] IRLR 500Robinson v Tesco Stores Ltd EAT/0188/18New Century Cleaning Co Ltd v Church [2000] IRLR 27Robertson v Blackstone Franks Investment Management Ltd [1998] IRLR 376Wilson v Racher [1974] ICR 428Mbubaegbu v Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust EAT 0218/17Chesterton Global Ltd v Nurmohamed [2018] ICR 731Cavendish Munro Professional Risks Management Ltd v Geduld [2010] ICR 325

Statutes

Employment Rights Act 1996 s.13Employment Rights Act 1996 s.103AEmployment Rights Act 1996 s.43BWorking Time Regulations 1998 reg.14Employment Rights Act 1996 s.47B

Case details

Case number
2303582/2022
Decision date
5 October 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
7
Classification
contested

Employment details

Role
Director
Salary band
£25,000–£30,000
Service
6 months

Claimant representation

Represented
No