Cases6010762/2024

Claimant v J C Frost (Holdings) Limited

Outcome

Other

Individual claims

Constructive Dismissalnot determined

This is the only claim proceeding to the full merits hearing scheduled for November 2025. The preliminary hearing dealt only with an application to amend the claim, not the substantive merits of the constructive dismissal claim.

Failure to Make Reasonable Adjustments(disability)struck out

Claimant sought to add this claim by amendment on 15 May 2025, well after the deadline. The tribunal refused the amendment finding that the balance of injustice and hardship favoured the respondent given the late timing, lack of detail, and substantive nature of the new claim requiring vacation of the hearing date.

Harassment(disability)struck out

Claimant sought to add this harassment claim under section 26 EA 2010 by amendment on 15 May 2025. The tribunal refused the amendment on the same grounds as the reasonable adjustments claim, finding insufficient detail and that it was a substantive new claim advanced too late.

Facts

The claimant, who was initially a litigant in person, filed a claim for constructive unfair dismissal in September 2024. After obtaining legal representation, she applied in May 2025 to amend her claim to add disability discrimination claims (failure to make reasonable adjustments and harassment), citing lack of legal understanding and insufficient funds for representation. The tribunal had previously given the claimant until 25 November 2024 to clarify if she was bringing additional claims beyond unfair dismissal, but no response was received. A full merits hearing was scheduled for November 2025 via CVP.

Decision

The tribunal refused the claimant's application to amend, finding that the proposed amendments were substantive new claims that would require vacation of the November hearing, additional evidence on disability, and would be significantly out of time. Applying the balance of hardship test from Selkent and Vaughan, the judge concluded that allowing the late amendments would unfairly tip the balance against the respondent. The tribunal also refused the respondent's application to convert the November hearing from CVP to in-person, citing the claimant's health issues and finding no compelling factors to justify the change.

Practical note

Late applications to add substantive new discrimination claims will be refused where the claimant had previous opportunities to clarify claims, cannot adequately explain the delay, and allowing the amendment would cause significant prejudice to the respondent by requiring vacation of a hearing date.

Legal authorities cited

Trimble and anor v North Lanarkshire Council and anor EATS 0048/12Conteh v First Security Guards Ltd EAT 0144/16Selkent Bus Company Limited v Moore [1996] ICR 836Vaughan v Modality Partnership [2021] ICR 535CX v Secretary of State for Justice [2025] EAT 114

Statutes

Equality Act 2010 s.26Equality Act 2010 s.21

Case details

Case number
6010762/2024
Decision date
1 October 2025
Hearing type
preliminary
Hearing days
1
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
other
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister