Cases2403581/2023

Claimant v Ruskinvest Ltd

29 September 2025Before Employment Judge AinscoughLiverpoolon papers

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Unfair Dismissalwithdrawn

The claimant withdrew this complaint at the case management preliminary hearing on 19 June 2023.

Discrimination Arising from Disability (s.15)(disability)withdrawn

The claimant withdrew her entire claim on 26 November 2024 before the disability status could be determined at preliminary hearing.

Holiday Paywithdrawn

The claimant withdrew this complaint at the case management preliminary hearing on 19 June 2023.

Unlawful Deduction from Wageswithdrawn

The claimant withdrew this complaint at the case management preliminary hearing on 19 June 2023.

Breach of Contractwithdrawn

The claimant withdrew her entire claim on 26 November 2024 before the matter could proceed to hearing.

Facts

The claimant brought claims of unfair dismissal, disability discrimination, holiday pay, unlawful deduction of wages and breach of contract. She suffered from autism, COPD and fibromyalgia which affected her ability to participate in proceedings. She failed to attend five hearings between November 2023 and November 2024, often giving little or no notice. An intermediary was arranged to assist her, but she was unable to attend even with this support. She eventually withdrew her claim on 26 November 2024.

Decision

The tribunal refused the respondent's application for costs. While the tribunal found the claimant's conduct was unreasonable and caused hearings to be postponed at short notice, it declined to exercise its discretion to award costs. The tribunal concluded that the claimant's ill health prevented her from properly assessing her ability to attend hearings, and she lacked professional advice on managing her participation. The intermediary report confirmed the extent of her difficulties.

Practical note

A tribunal may find unreasonable conduct for costs purposes but still refuse to award costs where a litigant in person's ill health significantly impaired their ability to participate effectively in proceedings.

Legal authorities cited

Garnes v London Borough of Lambeth [1997] EAT1237/97McPherson v BNP Paribas (London Branch) [2004] ICR 1398Dyer v Secretary of State for Employment [1983] EAT 183/83Yerrakalva v Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council [2012] ICR 420Lodwick v Southwark London Borough Council [2004] ICR 884AQ Ltd v Holden [2012] IRLR 648

Statutes

Employment Tribunals (Constitution and Rules of Procedure) Regulations 2013 rule 76Employment Tribunal Rules of Procedure 2024 rule 82Employment Tribunal Rules of Procedure 2024 rule 75Employment Tribunal Rules of Procedure 2024 rule 74

Case details

Case number
2403581/2023
Decision date
29 September 2025
Hearing type
costs
Hearing days
Classification
procedural

Respondent

Sector
other
Represented
No
Rep type
self

Claimant representation

Represented
No