Cases2408785/2022

Claimant v Activate Accident Repair Limited

16 September 2025Before Employment Judge McDonaldManchesterin person

Outcome

Partly successful£398

Individual claims

Direct Discrimination(race)failed

The tribunal found the claimant did not prove facts from which it could conclude that any less favourable treatment was because of his race. The evidence showed colleagues of different races were treated similarly, and managerial decisions were based on performance, operational needs, and probationary procedures rather than race.

Direct Discrimination(religion)failed

The tribunal found the claimant did not prove facts from which it could conclude that any less favourable treatment was because of his religion (Islam). The evidence showed that treatment was consistent with how probationers and technicians were managed regardless of religion.

Harassment(race)failed

The tribunal found the conduct was not related to race. Even where unwanted conduct occurred, the claimant did not establish facts showing it was race-related. Additionally, the conduct did not meet the threshold of violating dignity or creating an intimidating, hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive environment as required by s.26 Equality Act 2010.

Harassment(religion)failed

The tribunal found the conduct was not related to religion. Even where unwanted conduct occurred, the claimant did not establish facts showing it was religion-related. Additionally, the conduct did not meet the threshold of violating dignity or creating an intimidating, hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive environment.

Unlawful Deduction from Wagespartly succeeded

The respondent conceded two unauthorised deductions: (1) £298.06 deducted in July 2022 marked 'Previously Paid' which the respondent could not explain, and (2) £100 for failure to pay four night shift allowances of £25 each for shifts worked 1-4 August 2022. Other alleged deductions failed as they were either authorised by contract or did not occur.

Holiday Payfailed

The tribunal found the claimant had exceeded his accrued holiday entitlement by 3.7 days at termination. The respondent was contractually entitled to deduct for excess holiday taken (£691.90 based on daily rate of £187), and in fact deducted slightly less (£620.84). No holiday pay was due.

Unfair Dismissalstruck out

The claim was struck out because the claimant had less than two years' service as required by s.108 Employment Rights Act 1996. Despite being given opportunity to provide reasons why the claim should not be struck out, the claimant failed to do so.

Facts

The claimant, a Libyan Muslim MET Technician, was employed on night shift from March to August 2022. He brought complaints of race and religion discrimination and harassment based on 13 allegations including: being required to work alone, allocation of heavy mechanical work, criticism of performance, messy work bay, early probation review, and dismissal. He also claimed unauthorised deductions and unpaid holiday pay. The respondent said his employment was terminated during probation due to poor performance, sickness absence, and potential misconduct (taking Adblue).

Decision

The tribunal dismissed all discrimination and harassment claims, finding the claimant did not prove facts to shift the burden of proof. Treatment was based on operational needs, performance concerns, and probationary procedures, not race or religion. The unfair dismissal claim was struck out for lack of qualifying service. Two unauthorised deduction claims succeeded (totalling £398.06) where the respondent conceded. Holiday pay and other wage claims failed.

Practical note

In discrimination cases, a claimant's different protected characteristic alone is insufficient to shift the burden of proof; there must be facts suggesting treatment was because of (or related to) that characteristic, and evidence of similar treatment of comparators will defeat such claims.

Award breakdown

Arrears of pay£100
Unpaid wages£298

Award equivalent: 0.5 weeks' gross pay

Legal authorities cited

Hewage v Grampian Health Board [2012] UKSC 37New Century Cleaning Co Ltd v Church 2000 IRLR 27Betsi Cadwaladr University v Hughes UKEAT/0179/13Grant v HM Land Registry [2011] EWCA Civ 769Tees Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust v Aslam [2020] IRLR 495Blanc de Provence Ltd v Ha [2023] EAT 160Nagarajan v London Regional Transport [2000] 1 AC 501Efobi v Royal Mail Group Ltd [2021] UKSC 33Igen v Wong [2005] ICR 931Madarassy v Nomura International Plc [2007] ICR 867Field v Steve Pye & Co [2022] IRLR 948Deman v EHRC [2010] EWCA Civ 1279Glasgow City Council v Zafar [1998] ICR 120

Statutes

Equality Act 2010 s.136Equality Act 2010 s.123Equality Act 2010 s.40Equality Act 2010 s.39Equality Act 2010 s.26Equality Act 2010 s.13Employment Rights Act 1996 s.108Employment Rights Act 1996 s.27Employment Rights Act 1996 s.23Employment Rights Act 1996 s.13

Case details

Case number
2408785/2022
Decision date
16 September 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
3
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
automotive
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
MET Technician - Night Shift
Salary band
£30,000–£40,000
Service
5 months

Claimant representation

Represented
No