Cases6000403/2024

Claimant v Intsol Recruitment Ltd

4 September 2025Before Employment Judge CuthbertBristolin person

Outcome

Partly successful

Individual claims

Unfair Dismissalwithdrawn

Withdrawn by claimant at the outset of the hearing. Claimant had not intended to pursue this claim and wished instead to pursue claims for unpaid wages.

Direct Discrimination(race)withdrawn

Withdrawn by claimant at the outset of the hearing. Claimant had not intended to pursue this claim and wished instead to pursue claims for unpaid wages.

Breach of Contractstruck out

Dismissed because the tribunal found the claimant was not an employee of the respondent within the meaning of section 230 ERA 1996. The Tribunal has no jurisdiction to hear breach of contract claims by workers, only employees whose employment has terminated.

Unlawful Deduction from Wagesnot determined

The tribunal found the claimant was a worker of the respondent until 23 March 2024. This claim can proceed to a final hearing. The tribunal did not determine at this preliminary hearing whether the claimant was actually entitled to guaranteed hours/pay as claimed.

Facts

The claimant, a bus driver, applied to work for the respondent recruitment agency in December 2021. He signed contracts with an umbrella company (Max Your Pay Ltd) which purported to employ him for payroll purposes. From January 2022 to December 2023, he worked exclusively for the respondent's client, First Bus, in Bristol. He claimed the respondent guaranteed him 50 hours' paid work per week. The First Bus assignment ended on 23 December 2023. The claimant claimed he was owed unpaid wages based on guaranteed hours.

Decision

The tribunal found the claimant was not an employee of the respondent due to lack of mutuality of obligation and control. However, he was a worker until 23 March 2024. The umbrella company arrangement was merely a payment mechanism. The breach of contract claim was dismissed for lack of jurisdiction (not an employee). The unlawful deduction from wages claim can proceed to a final hearing to determine whether the claimant was actually entitled to guaranteed hours/pay.

Practical note

An agency worker placed on a long-term assignment through an umbrella company payroll arrangement may be a 'worker' of the agency for statutory rights purposes, even if not an 'employee', where the umbrella arrangement is merely a payment mechanism and the reality is that they provided personal service to the agency.

Legal authorities cited

Ready Mixed Concrete v Minister of Pensions [1968] 2 QB 497Autoclenz Ltd v Belcher [2011] UKSC 41Montgomery v Johnson Underwood Ltd [2001] ICR 819Dacas v Brook Street Bureau (UK) Ltd [2004] ICR 1437Pimlico Plumbers v Smith [2018] ICR 1511Ter-Berg v Simply Smile Manor House Ltd [2023] EAT 2Uber BV v Aslam [2021] UKSC 5

Statutes

ERA 1996 s.230Employment Tribunals Extension of Jurisdiction (England and Wales) Order 1994ERA 1996 s.13

Case details

Case number
6000403/2024
Decision date
4 September 2025
Hearing type
preliminary
Hearing days
1
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
professional services
Represented
No
Rep type
in house

Employment details

Role
PCV driver
Service
2 years

Claimant representation

Represented
No
Rep type
lay rep