Cases2218585/2024

Claimant v Metropolitan Police Service

3 August 2025Before Employment Judge A M SnelsonLondon Centralin person

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Whistleblowingfailed

Claimants made five protected disclosures relating to safeguarding breaches (risk assessments, improper employment of cadets, fraud, indecent images). Tribunal found no causal link between the protected disclosures and the alleged detriments. The disciplinary investigation arose from an anonymous allegation of financial impropriety, not from the disclosures. Key decision-makers were unaware of the protected disclosures when taking adverse action.

Detrimentfailed

Tribunal found three detriments established (being spoken to sharply by a sergeant, being subject to a disciplinary investigation, and having restrictions imposed). However, none were done 'on the ground that' claimants made protected disclosures. Detriments were either justified responses to legitimate concerns (disciplinary investigation) or unrelated to disclosures (sharp words following a groundless concern).

Automatic Unfair Dismissalfailed

No dismissal established. Claimants resigned. Tribunal found no repudiatory breach of contract by the employer. Even if there had been a breach, claimants affirmed the contract by continuing to work after the last alleged detriment, thereby losing the right to claim constructive dismissal. Furthermore, the reason for any dismissal (if established) was not the protected disclosures.

Facts

Two former Metropolitan Police Constables who coordinated Volunteer Police Cadet units made multiple disclosures about safeguarding breaches between 2020-2023, including failures to conduct risk assessments, improper employment of cadets, and potential fraud. In August 2023, both were subject to a disciplinary investigation following an anonymous allegation of financial impropriety (misuse of cadet funds). They were restricted from their normal duties pending investigation. The investigation concluded in February 2024 with no case to answer. Mr Seabright retired in December 2023; Mr Kiddle resigned in November 2024 after a second disciplinary investigation was commenced.

Decision

The Tribunal found that while the claimants made some protected disclosures and suffered some detriments (particularly the disciplinary investigation and restrictions), there was no causal link between the two. The disciplinary investigation arose from a legitimate anonymous complaint, not retaliation for whistleblowing. Key decision-makers were unaware of the protected disclosures. Most alleged detriments were either not established or were justified management actions. The constructive dismissal claims failed as there was no repudiatory breach and the claimants had affirmed their contracts by continuing to work. Claims also failed on time limit grounds.

Practical note

Making protected disclosures does not immunise an employee from legitimate disciplinary processes, and establishing causation between disclosures and adverse treatment requires evidence that decision-makers knew of the disclosures and were influenced by them.

Legal authorities cited

Osipov v International Petroleum Ltd UKEAT/0058/17/DAShamoon v Chief Constable of the Royal Ulster Constabulary [2003] ICR 337Kilraine v London Borough of Wandsworth [2018] ICR 1850Cavendish Munro Professional Risks Management Ltd v Geduld [2010] ICR 325Palmer v Southend-on-Sea BC [1984] ICR 372 CA

Statutes

Employment Rights Act 1996 s.48Employment Rights Act 1996 s.43KAEmployment Rights Act 1996 s.103AEmployment Rights Act 1996 s.43BEmployment Rights Act 1996 s.47BEmployment Rights Act 1996 s.43C

Case details

Case number
2218585/2024
Decision date
3 August 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
13
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
emergency services
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Police Constable (Volunteer Police Cadet Coordinator)
Service
25 years

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister