Cases1601450/2024

Claimant v Cardiff Council

31 July 2025Before Employment Judge R HarfieldCardiffin person

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Unfair Dismissalstruck out

The tribunal found the claimant was not an employee but a self-employed contractor providing services to the respondent. Unfair dismissal requires employee status. The claim was also presented out of time and it was reasonably practicable to have presented in time, so time was not extended.

Redundancy Paystruck out

The tribunal found the claimant was not an employee. The claim was also out of time — none of the required steps were taken within the initial 6 months. The tribunal did not consider it just and equitable to extend time.

Breach of Contractstruck out

The tribunal found the claimant was not an employee. The claim was also presented out of time and it was reasonably practicable to have presented in time, so time was not extended.

Unlawful Deduction from Wagesstruck out

The tribunal found the claimant was not an employee. Claimant did not argue worker status in the alternative. The claim was also presented out of time and it was reasonably practicable to have presented in time, so time was not extended.

Holiday Paystruck out

The tribunal found the claimant was not an employee. Claimant did not argue worker status in the alternative. The claim was also presented out of time and it was reasonably practicable to have presented in time, so time was not extended.

Facts

Ms Jordan worked as an ARC respite carer for Cardiff Council from May 2017 to September 2023, providing short breaks for young people with additional needs in her own home. She was paid a retainer allowance. The ARC short break service disbanded in September 2023 and the claimant's payments ceased. The claimant believed she remained employed and was waiting for a new role to be confirmed with backdated pay. She did not commence ACAS early conciliation until March 2024, some 3 months late. The respondent argued the claimant was not an employee but a foster carer under a statutory framework, or at best a self-employed contractor.

Decision

The tribunal held that the claimant was not an employee of the respondent. Although there was a contract (distinguishing the foster carer case law because this was respite care for non-looked-after children under a separate statutory framework), the contract was not a contract of employment. The parties did not intend to create an employment relationship; it was a commercial arrangement for the provision of services. All claims were dismissed for lack of jurisdiction. The claims were also out of time and it was reasonably practicable to have brought them in time, so time was not extended.

Practical note

A respite carer for non-looked-after children under Welsh fostering regulations may have a contract (unlike traditional foster carers), but employment status still requires examining the whole context and parties' intentions — and a contractual engagement for services is not necessarily a contract of employment even where there is significant integration, control, and personal service.

Legal authorities cited

Ready Mixed Concrete v Minister of Pensions [1968] 2 QB 497W v Essex County Council [1999] Fam 90Rowlands v City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council [1999] EWCA Civ 116Lambert v Cardiff County Council [2007] EWHC 869Bullock v Norfolk County Council [2011] UKEAT/0230/10NUPFC v Certification Officer [2021] WLR(D) 206Gilham v Ministry of Justice [2019] UKSC 44Palmer and anor v Southend-on-Sea Borough Council 1984 ICR 372London Underground Ltd v Nowel [1999] IRLR 621Dedman v British Building and Engineering Appliances Ltd 1974 ICR 53Porter v Bandridge Ltd 1978 ICR 943Trevelyans (Birmingham) Ltd v Norton 1991 ICR 488Cygnet Behavioural Health Ltd v Britton [2022] EAT 108John Lewis Partnership v Charman EAT 0079/11Asda Stores Ltd v Kauser EAT 0165/07

Statutes

ERA 1996 s.111ERA 1996 s.13ERA 1996 s.23ERA 1996 s.164Children Act 1989Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014Fostering Services (Wales) Regulations 2003Fostering Panels (Establishment and Functions) (Wales) Regulations 2018Local Authority Fostering Services (Wales) Regulations 2018Working Time Regulations 1998

Case details

Case number
1601450/2024
Decision date
31 July 2025
Hearing type
preliminary
Hearing days
2
Classification
contested

Respondent

Name
Cardiff Council
Sector
local government
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
ARC respite carer
Service
6 years

Claimant representation

Represented
No