Cases1400644/2024

Claimant v J D Wetherspoons Plc

24 July 2025Before Employment Judge MurdochBristolremote video

Outcome

Partly successful

Individual claims

Failure to Make Reasonable Adjustments(disability)succeeded

The tribunal found the respondent failed to make reasonable adjustments for the claimant's autism from August 2023 until approximately mid-December 2023. This included: calling a formal investigation without notice or support, applying a zero-tolerance discount policy breach procedure without considering the claimant's disability, not allowing a representative/companion at investigatory meetings, progressing to a disciplinary hearing using a template letter with no adjustments, and repeatedly inviting the claimant to grievance/sickness meetings in a standardised way without offering reasonable adjustments. The respondent knew or should have known of the claimant's autism since 2019, but information was not passed to the new pub when the claimant transferred. These failures put the claimant at substantial disadvantage by causing intense distress and anxiety, and reasonable adjustments such as advance notice, involving his mother, one-to-one explanations, and informal resolution could and should have been made.

Harassment(disability)failed

The tribunal found the respondent's conduct was unwanted and related to the claimant's disability (responding disproportionately to the discount policy breach, applying absence and grievance policies in a standardised way, failing to respond to the grievance in writing, refusing a compensatory gesture). However, the tribunal held that while the claimant genuinely perceived the conduct as intimidating, it was not reasonable for standardised performance management processes (investigations, disciplinary hearings) to meet the threshold of 'intimidating' as this would prevent employers from ever conducting performance management. The claim therefore failed on the 'effect' limb of harassment.

Facts

The claimant, a Kitchen Associate with autism employed since May 2019, incorrectly applied a staff discount to a group of seven people in August 2023, breaching the four-person limit. The respondent applied its zero-tolerance breach policy, conducting formal investigations without notice, without the claimant's mother present, and progressing to a gross misconduct disciplinary hearing despite the claimant's clear explanation that he was unaware of the rule and had not acted dishonestly. This caused the claimant intense distress and he went on sick leave. The respondent repeatedly attempted to hold standardised grievance and sickness absence meetings without offering appropriate reasonable adjustments for the claimant's autism until mid-December 2023. From that point, the respondent made exemplary reasonable adjustments, facilitating the claimant's successful return to work in April 2024.

Decision

The tribunal upheld the reasonable adjustments claim, finding the respondent failed from August to mid-December 2023 to make reasonable adjustments for the claimant's autism when conducting investigations, disciplinary processes, and absence/grievance meetings. The respondent should have provided advance notice, involved the claimant's mother, given one-to-one explanations, and sought informal resolution. The harassment claim failed because, while the claimant genuinely perceived the conduct as intimidating, it was not objectively reasonable for standardised performance management processes to meet the harassment threshold. Remedy hearing to follow.

Practical note

Zero-tolerance policies and standardised HR processes can breach the duty to make reasonable adjustments when applied to disabled employees without considering their individual needs, even where the employer is legitimately investigating potential misconduct.

Legal authorities cited

R (on application of King) v Isleworth Crown Court [2001]Richmond Pharmacology v Dhaliwal [2009] ICR 724Pemberton v Inwood [2018] ICR 1291Henderson v General & Municipal Boilermakers Union [2016] EWCA Civ 1049

Statutes

Equality Act 2010 s.20Equality Act 2010 s.6Equality Act 2010 s.123Equality Act 2010 s.26Equality Act 2010 s.21

Case details

Case number
1400644/2024
Decision date
24 July 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
4
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
hospitality
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Kitchen Associate
Service
6 years

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister