Cases2303430/2024

Claimant v South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust

23 July 2025Before Employment Judge OthenLondon Southeastremote video

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Constructive Dismissalfailed

The tribunal found that although the respondent made errors (proposing mediation with the complainant's union rep as co-chair, and issuing a grievance outcome letter inaccurately stating there was 'no evidence' when foul language had been found to have occurred), these acts neither individually nor cumulatively amounted to a repudiatory breach of the implied term of trust and confidence. The tribunal held this was a high legal burden which the claimant did not meet. The respondent's conduct was not calculated or likely to destroy or seriously damage the employment relationship.

Unfair Dismissalfailed

The claim failed because the tribunal concluded the claimant was not dismissed within the meaning of section 95 ERA 1996. Since there was no constructive dismissal (no repudiatory breach of contract), the claimant had resigned rather than been dismissed, and therefore there could be no unfair dismissal.

Facts

The claimant, a Deputy Chief Pharmacist, raised an informal grievance in June 2023 about a subordinate's (CO's) behaviour toward her, including an incident where CO used foul language during a one-to-one meeting. After failed attempts at facilitated discussion and mediation (which CO refused or withdrew from), the claimant escalated to a formal grievance. An external investigator found the grievance unsubstantiated. The grievance outcome letter stated there was 'no evidence' CO's behaviour breached Trust values, despite the investigator having found that foul language was used. The claimant resigned in January 2024 after receiving this outcome letter and a further meeting with the investigator.

Decision

The tribunal dismissed the constructive unfair dismissal claim. Although the respondent erred in proposing mediation co-chaired by CO's union representative and in issuing an inaccurate grievance outcome letter, these failings did not, individually or cumulatively, amount to a repudiatory breach of the implied term of trust and confidence. The tribunal found the errors did not meet the high legal threshold of conduct calculated or likely to destroy or seriously damage the employment relationship.

Practical note

Procedural errors and inaccuracies in grievance handling, even if regrettable, will not necessarily constitute a repudiatory breach of trust and confidence sufficient for constructive dismissal—the test is objective and requires conduct going to the root of the contract.

Legal authorities cited

Wright v North Ayrshire Council UKEAT/0017/13Western Excavating v Sharp [1978] ICR 221Quilter Private Client Advisers Ltd v Falconer [2020] EWHC 3294 (QB)Malik v BCCI [1998]Kaur v Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust [2018] EWCA Civ 978Waltham Forest v Omilaju [2004] EWCA Civ 1493Varma v North Cheshire Hospitals NHS Trust UKEAT/0178/07Williams v Governing Body of Alderman Davies Church in Wales Primary School EAT/0108/19

Statutes

ERA 1996 s.111ERA 1996 s.95(1)(c)ERA 1996 s.94

Case details

Case number
2303430/2024
Decision date
23 July 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
3
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
healthcare
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Deputy Chief Pharmacist
Service
3 years

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
lay rep