Cases6008669/2024

Claimant v Oliveto & Olivo Ltd

21 July 2025Before Employment Judge CawthrayLondon Southremote video

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Unfair Dismissalfailed

The tribunal found that the claimant resigned on 25 January 2024 when he stated multiple times during a Zoom meeting that he had no intention of returning to work for the respondent. The tribunal held that, viewed objectively, a reasonable bystander would have understood these statements as a resignation. The claimant was not dismissed by the employer.

Constructive Dismissalfailed

The tribunal found that the alleged breaches (criticism after the fire, alleged criticism for bereavement leave, and offer of alternative role) did not cumulatively amount to a breach of the implied term of trust and confidence. The respondent's conduct was not calculated or likely to destroy or seriously damage the relationship of trust and confidence, and the respondent had proper cause for its actions in attempting to redeploy the claimant after the fire.

Facts

The claimant was a long-serving Head Chef at an Italian restaurant which was destroyed by fire on 18 June 2023. His brother had died days earlier and he was bereaved and subsequently depressed. The respondent offered him alternative roles as Pasta Chef and Head Chef at other restaurants, which he did not accept. He remained on sick leave for seven months. At a Zoom meeting on 25 January 2024, he stated he did not wish to return to work for the respondent. The respondent treated this as resignation with 12 weeks' notice.

Decision

The tribunal found that the claimant resigned on 25 January 2024 when he clearly stated he had no intention of returning to work. Viewed objectively, a reasonable bystander would have understood his words as resignation. The tribunal also rejected the alternative constructive dismissal claim, finding the respondent's actions did not cumulatively breach the implied term of trust and confidence. The respondent had proper cause for its conduct in trying to redeploy the claimant after the fire closed his workplace.

Practical note

Clear and unambiguous statements by an employee that they do not intend to return to work will be objectively assessed as resignation, even where expressed during ongoing sickness absence and without using the word 'resign'.

Legal authorities cited

Malik v Bank of Credit and Commerce International [1998] AC 20Leeds Dental Team v Rose [2014] IRLR 8Lewis v Motorworld Garages Ltd [1985] IRLR 465London Borough of Waltham Forest v Omilaju [2005] IRLR 35Kaur v Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust [2018] IRLROmar v Epping Forest District Citizens Advice [2023] EAT 132, [2024] IRLR 92Edwards v Surrey Police [1999] IRLR 456Western Excavating v Sharp [1978] ICR 221Woods v W M Car Services (Peterborough) Ltd [1981] IRLR 347Bournemouth University v Buckland [2010] ICR 908

Statutes

Employment Rights Act 1996 s.98Employment Rights Act 1996 s.95(1)(a)Employment Rights Act 1996 s.95(1)(c)

Case details

Case number
6008669/2024
Decision date
21 July 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
2
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
hospitality
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Head Chef
Salary band
£15,000–£20,000
Service
20 years

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
lay rep