Cases3303877/2023

Claimant v Royal Mail Group Limited

19 July 2025Before Employment Judge DickWatfordremote video

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Unfair Dismissalfailed

The tribunal found the claimant was dismissed for conduct, a potentially fair reason. The respondent acted reasonably in treating deliberate removal of a tachograph card as sufficient reason for dismissal. The respondent carried out an adequate investigation, formed a genuine belief on reasonable grounds that the claimant was guilty of gross misconduct, and the decision to dismiss fell within the band of reasonable responses given the potential criminal consequences and the claimant's previous training on tachograph use.

Direct Discrimination(disability)failed

The tribunal concluded the claimant's dismissal had nothing whatsoever to do with his disability (PTSD). The respondent made adjustments to allow participation in the disciplinary process in alternative formats. The dismissal was for deliberate misconduct on 22 January 2022, which had no connection to the claimant's disability. A hypothetical comparator without disability but otherwise unable to participate in the process would not have been treated more favourably. The burden of proof did not shift to the respondent as there was no evidential basis from which discrimination could be inferred.

Facts

The claimant, an HGV driver employed by Royal Mail since 1996 with PTSD from a 2014 workplace trauma, was dismissed for gross misconduct after allegedly deliberately removing his tachograph card on 22 January 2022 to avoid taking a required break when close to base. He denied this, claiming the card ejected itself. The claimant did not participate in the lengthy disciplinary process (January 2022 to August 2023), citing his PTSD as making him unable to attend meetings or answer questions, despite the respondent offering multiple adjusted formats including written submissions and union representation. Medical evidence confirmed PTSD but did not clearly support complete inability to participate.

Decision

The tribunal dismissed both claims. The unfair dismissal claim failed because the tribunal found on the balance of probabilities that the claimant did deliberately remove the card (accepting evidence from two managers about admissions he made), the respondent had reasonable grounds for belief after adequate investigation, and dismissal was within the band of reasonable responses given potential criminal liability. The disability discrimination claim failed because the dismissal had nothing to do with the claimant's PTSD—it was for deliberate misconduct unconnected to his disability—and the respondent had made reasonable adjustments throughout.

Practical note

An employer can fairly dismiss an employee who refuses to engage with a disciplinary process despite offered adjustments, where the employer waits a reasonable time for medical fitness and then proceeds based on available evidence including contemporaneous notes of admissions.

Legal authorities cited

Sainsbury's Supermarkets Ltd v Hitt [2003] ICR 111Glasgow City Council v Zafar [1998] ICR 120Madarassy v Nomura International Plc [2007] ICR 867Igen v Wong [2005] ICR 931Nagarajan v London Regional Transport [2000] 1 AC 501Shamoon v Chief Constable of the Royal Ulster Constabulary [2003] ICR 337Polkey v A E Dayton Services Ltd [1988] ICR 142BHS v Burchell [1978] IRLR 379Iceland Frozen Foods v Jones [1983] ICR 17Field v Steve Pye and Co (KL) Ltd [2022] EAT 68Hewage v Grampian Health Board [2012] UKSC 37

Statutes

EqA 2010 s.13EqA 2010 s.6ERA 1996 s.123(6)ERA 1996 s.98EqA 2010 s.109EqA 2010 s.40TULRCA 1992 s.207EqA 2010 s.136EqA 2010 s.120ERA 1996 s.94

Case details

Case number
3303877/2023
Decision date
19 July 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
3
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
logistics
Represented
Yes
Rep type
lay rep

Employment details

Role
HGV/lorry driver
Service
28 years

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
solicitor