Cases6002767/2023

Claimant v Avicenna Retail Limited

14 July 2025Before Employment Judge WoodheadBristolhybrid

Outcome

Partly successful

Individual claims

Unfair Dismissalsucceeded

The tribunal found the dismissal was substantively and procedurally unfair. The investigation was not sufficiently thorough for a large employer with HR resources. The Respondent did not conduct a proper investigation interview with the Claimant or adequately test his responses with the staff making allegations. The Respondent did not have a reasonable basis for concluding the Claimant continuously neglected his duties, put patient safety at risk, or bullied staff. The most severe reasonable sanction would have been a final written warning with coaching and mediation, not dismissal.

Direct Discrimination(race)failed

The Claimant alleged race discrimination relating to removal of lunchtime supervision payment, requirement to remain on site during lunch, and limitations on activities during lunch breaks. The tribunal found the lunchtime supervision payment was not removed. The Claimant accepted in cross-examination that the requirements had nothing to do with his race. There was no evidence linking the treatment to the Claimant's race and no valid comparator to demonstrate less favourable treatment.

Facts

The Claimant was a long-serving Pharmacy Manager (19 years) dismissed for alleged gross misconduct after staff complaints. Staff alleged he spent work time watching Netflix, tutoring his daughter, and engaging in non-work activities; put patient safety at risk; and bullied staff through a robust management style including testing employees in front of colleagues. The Claimant had received a lunchtime supervision payment allowing the pharmacy to remain open during his lunch hour. The Respondent investigated and dismissed the Claimant following a disciplinary hearing, with dismissal upheld on appeal.

Decision

The tribunal found the unfair dismissal claim succeeded. The investigation was insufficiently thorough, lacked precision about the time spent on non-work activities, and did not adequately test the Claimant's responses with witnesses. The Respondent did not have reasonable grounds to conclude the Claimant continuously neglected duties, put patient safety at risk, or bullied staff. The race discrimination claims failed as there was no evidence the treatment was linked to the Claimant's race. A 25% reduction was applied for contributory conduct relating to poor management style.

Practical note

Large employers with professional HR must conduct thorough, precise investigations before dismissing long-serving employees, including properly interviewing the employee and testing their responses with witnesses, particularly where allegations lack precision about timing and extent of alleged misconduct.

Adjustments

Contributory fault25%

The tribunal found the Claimant contributed to there being a bad atmosphere and discontent at the branch due to his management style and approach. There was material discontent at his management style and approach. This was culpable conduct, though not warranting summary dismissal.

Legal authorities cited

Iceland Frozen Foods v Jones [1983] ICR 17BHS v Burchell [1978]Igen Ltd v Wong [2005]Laing v Manchester City Council [2006]Hewage v GHB [2012]Martin v Devonshires Solicitors [2011]Qureshi v London Borough of Newham [1991]Fraser v University of LeicesterSainsbury's Supermarkets Ltd v Hitt [2003] ICR 111Madarassy v Nomura International Plc [2007] ICR 867Efobi v Royal Mail Group Ltd [2021] UKSC 33

Statutes

Equality Act 2010 s.13Equality Act 2010 s.39Equality Act 2010 s.23Equality Act 2010 s.136Employment Rights Act 1996 s.98

Case details

Case number
6002767/2023
Decision date
14 July 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
4
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
healthcare
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Pharmacy Manager
Service
20 years

Claimant representation

Represented
No