Cases4105998/2022

Claimant v David Cargill House

11 July 2025Before Employment Judge Mrs M KearnsScotlandin person

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Direct Discrimination(race)struck out

Claim was time barred. Claimant dismissed 18 April 2022, claim filed 12 November 2022. Post-employment correspondence (15 August 2022) did not meet s.108 EqA test as not closely connected to claimant's employment relationship (concerned his mother's employment). Tribunal declined to extend time under just and equitable test given three and a half month delay, unconvincing reasons, and forensic prejudice to respondent (key witness Mr Fyfe died in January 2024).

Indirect Discrimination(race)struck out

No cogent case of indirect discrimination was set out in claimant's further particulars. Claim was time barred for same reasons as direct discrimination claim and tribunal declined to extend time.

Harassment(race)struck out

Claim was time barred. Claimant mentioned post-employment harassment claim but gave no evidence about it. Tribunal found claims out of time and declined to extend under just and equitable test.

Victimisationstruck out

Claimant argued letter of 20 April 2022 was protected act and Mr Fyfe's response was detriment. Tribunal found letter did not meet s.108(1)(a) test as not closely connected to claimant's employment (concerned mother's employment). Claim time barred and tribunal declined to extend time.

Whistleblowingstruck out

Claim not included in ET1 and never formally amended into claim. Latest alleged detriment was April or May 2022. Claim presented 12 November 2022 was out of time. Claimant presented no evidence showing it was not reasonably practicable to present claim in time under s.48(3) ERA.

Unlawful Deduction from Wagesstruck out

Claim not included in ET1 and never formally amended into claim. Last alleged deduction was March 2022. Claim presented 12 November 2022 was time barred under s.23 ERA. Claimant presented no evidence showing it was not reasonably practicable to present claim in time.

Facts

Claimant was dismissed for misconduct on 18 April 2022 from his role as domestic staff at respondent's care home after 11 years' service. He filed unfair dismissal claim in June 2022 but did not include discrimination claims. In August 2022 he wrote to Mr Fyfe (chairman of trustees, whom he had never met) complaining about treatment of his mother who still worked at the care home. Mr Fyfe responded on 15 August 2022 denying the allegations. Claimant then filed separate discrimination claim in November 2022, arguing Mr Fyfe's response revealed race discrimination extending throughout his employment and that s.108 EqA post-employment provisions applied.

Decision

Tribunal found all claims were time barred. The post-employment correspondence with Mr Fyfe did not meet s.108 EqA test as it concerned the claimant's mother's employment relationship not his own, and showed no evidence of race discrimination. The tribunal declined to extend time under just and equitable test given the three and a half month delay, unconvincing reasons for delay, and significant forensic prejudice to respondent as Mr Fyfe (central to allegations) had died. Whistleblowing and wages claims were also time barred and never properly pleaded.

Practical note

Post-employment discrimination claims under s.108 EqA require close connection to the claimant's own former employment relationship, not to a family member's ongoing employment, and correspondence with third parties unknown during employment will not satisfy this test.

Legal authorities cited

Keeble v British Coal Corporation [1997] IRLR 336Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis v Hendricks [2003] ICR 530E v X, L and Z UKEAT/0079/20/RNCaterham School Limited v Mrs K Rose UKEAT/0149/19/RNRhys-Harper v Relaxion group plc [2003] ICR 867Rowstock Ltd v Jessemey [2014] ICR 550South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust v King [2020] IRLR 168Southwark London Borough Council v Afolabi [2003] ICR 800Teva (UK) Ltd v Heslip EAT 0008/09Clarke v Hampshire Electro-Plating Co Ltd [1992] ICR 312

Statutes

Equality Act 2010 s.26Equality Act 2010 s.27Equality Act 2010 s.23Equality Act 2010 s.136Employment Rights Act 1996 s.48Employment Rights Act 1996 s.23Equality Act 2010 s.108Equality Act 2010 s.123Equality Act 2010 s.13Equality Act 2010 s.19

Case details

Case number
4105998/2022
Decision date
11 July 2025
Hearing type
preliminary
Hearing days
1
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
healthcare
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
domestic staff
Service
11 years

Claimant representation

Represented
No