Cases2216362/2023

Claimant v Health Vision UK Limited

13 June 2025Before Employment Judge FordeLondon Central

Outcome

Partly successful

Individual claims

Unfair Dismissalsucceeded

The tribunal found the dismissal was for a potentially fair reason (conduct/gross misconduct) and that the respondent had a genuine belief based on reasonable grounds following an investigation. However, the procedure was flawed in multiple respects: the claimant was not provided with a voice recording of a call with Angela that Mr Hassan listened to; a more detailed statement was before Mr Doherty at appeal that had not been shared with the claimant; an additional allegation appeared at appeal without explanation; and there was a lack of documentation recording reasoning at investigation, disciplinary and appeal stages. These procedural failings rendered the dismissal unfair.

Breach of Contractfailed

The claimant's notice pay claim failed because the tribunal found he would have been dismissed for gross misconduct in any event, entitling the respondent to dismiss without notice. Other alleged breaches (re badge, contract type) were either not properly pleaded, had no consequential loss, or were accepted by the claimant at the time.

Direct Discrimination(age)failed

The claimant asserted he was dismissed for reasons related to his age (over 40) and mobile phone provision to younger employees. The tribunal found he was dismissed for conduct, unconnected to age. The claimant's age group was the most populous among the respondent's employees. The claimant failed to establish facts from which discrimination could be inferred under the Igen test.

Direct Discrimination(religion)failed

The claim was vague and non-specific, lacking detail of dates, times, places or participants despite judicial direction to clarify. The respondent had no knowledge of the claimant's branch of Christianity or observance. The claimant failed to establish facts from which discrimination could be inferred under the Igen test.

Direct Discrimination(race)failed

The claimant stated the respondent discriminated against him because he was studying to become a teacher and applying for British citizenship, but failed to identify what the treatment was or its consequences. The claim was not properly made out and failed.

Harassment(age)struck out

The alleged comment by Gloria ('you are getting old') occurred in September/October 2022, substantially outside the statutory three-month time limit. The claimant contacted ACAS on 5 August 2023. The incident was discrete, unconnected to other allegations, and the claimant failed to provide reasons why time should be extended on just and equitable grounds. The claim was struck out as out of time.

Facts

The claimant was a care assistant employed on a zero-hours contract from May 2020 to July 2023. He was dismissed for gross misconduct following allegations of aggressive and threatening behaviour towards service users and office staff, and for refusing to engage with the disciplinary investigation process. The triggering incident involved the claimant demanding a replacement mobile phone and behaving aggressively towards a staff member. Service users reported feeling frightened and threatened by the claimant. The claimant refused to answer questions at the investigation meeting and initially refused to attend disciplinary hearings. He was dismissed by Mr Hassan and the dismissal was upheld on appeal by Mr Doherty.

Decision

The tribunal found the dismissal was substantively fair but procedurally flawed. The respondent had reasonable grounds to believe the claimant committed gross misconduct following a reasonable (though not optimal) investigation. However, procedural failings included: not sharing a voice recording with the claimant that the dismissing officer listened to; providing different versions of witness statements at different stages; and lack of proper documentation of reasoning. The tribunal applied a 100% Polkey reduction, finding the claimant would have been dismissed in any event after a fair four-week procedure. All discrimination claims failed for lack of evidence.

Practical note

Even where substantive findings of gross misconduct are sound and dismissal inevitable, significant procedural failings—particularly failure to disclose evidence considered by decision-makers and inadequate documentation of reasoning—will render a dismissal unfair, though a 100% Polkey reduction may apply limiting remedy to the period a fair process would have taken.

Adjustments

Polkey reduction100%

Tribunal found that had a fair procedure been followed, the claimant would inevitably have been dismissed for gross misconduct. A fair process would have taken approximately four weeks longer. Remedy limited to basic award and compensatory award not exceeding four weeks net pay.

Legal authorities cited

Grant v HM Land Registry [2011] EWCA Civ 769Glasgow City Council v Zafar [1998] ICR 120Igen v Wong [2005] ICR 931Polkey v A E Dayton Services Ltd [1988] ICR 142Iceland Frozen Foods v Jones [1983] ICR 17BHS v Burchell [1978] IRLR 379Software 2000 Ltd v Andrews [2007] ICR 825 EATEfobi v Royal Mail Group Ltd [2021] UKSC 33Bahl v Law Society [2004] IRLR 799 CA

Statutes

ERA 1996 s.108(1)ERA 1996 s.98Equality Act 2010 s.26ERA 1996 s.94Equality Act 2010 s.136ERA 1996 s.123ERA 1996 s.122

Case details

Case number
2216362/2023
Decision date
13 June 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
7
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
healthcare
Represented
No
Rep type
in house

Employment details

Role
Care assistant
Service
3 years

Claimant representation

Represented
No