Cases3310946/2023

Claimant v The Chief Constable of the Norfolk Constabulary

12 June 2025Before Employment Judge M WarrenNorwichremote video

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Direct Discrimination(marriage civil partnership)failed

Claimant alleged she was told she could not sit next to, speak to, or be consoled by her husband because they were married. Tribunal found against the claimant on all allegations after a 10-day hearing.

Direct Discrimination(sex)failed

Claimant alleged removal of ability to work from home, removal from call handling, being told not to speak with colleagues, and being chastised about annual holiday. Tribunal found these claims unproven after hearing evidence.

Harassment(disability)failed

Claimant alleged harassment related to menopause symptoms which she claimed amounted to disability. Tribunal found no disability and no harassment. Tribunal found a complete absence of medical evidence of debilitating menopausal symptoms.

Harassment(sex)failed

Claimant alleged various acts of harassment including questions about vaginal odour, chastising about annual leave, preventing consolation by husband, refusing to align shifts. Tribunal found these allegations unproven after a 10-day hearing.

Facts

Mrs Dye, a call handler for Norfolk Constabulary, brought claims of discrimination and harassment related to marriage, sex, and alleged disability (menopause symptoms). She alleged she was prevented from sitting with or speaking to her husband at work, removed from call handling after failing a hearing test, pressured to stop working from home, and subjected to a cynical attitude about her menopausal symptoms. After a 10-day hearing before Employment Judge Postle, all claims failed. The Respondent applied for costs, arguing the claims had no reasonable prospects and were pursued unreasonably.

Decision

Employment Judge Warren refused the costs application. The judge found the claimant had arguable claims that did not lack reasonable prospects of success. While the claimant could be criticised for some aspects of presentation (failing to clearly plead continuing act basis, not disclosing telephone notes), this did not amount to unreasonable or vexatious conduct warranting departure from the general principle that losing parties in employment tribunals do not pay costs.

Practical note

Even where a claimant loses comprehensively after a lengthy hearing, costs will not be awarded unless the claims truly lacked reasonable prospects or were conducted unreasonably or vexatiously — arguable claims that fail on the evidence do not meet this threshold.

Legal authorities cited

AG v Barker [2000] FLR 759Worcestershire Health and Care NHS Trust v Angela Allen [2024] EAT 40Arrowsmith v Nottingham Trent University [2011] EWCA Civ 797Millan v Capsticks Solicitors LLP UKEAT/0093/14/RNCalderbank v CalderbankPower v Panasonic UK Limited UKEAT 0439/04Peat v Birmingham City Council UKEAT 0503/11Rogers v Dorothy Barley School UKEAT 0013/12Gee v Shell UK Ltd [2003] IRLR 82AQ Ltd v Holden [2012] IRLR 648McPherson v BNP Paribas (London Branch) 2004 ICR 1398Yerrakalva v Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council [2012] ICR 420Radia v Jeffries International Limited [2020] IRLR 431Scott v Russell [2013] EWCA Civ 1432

Statutes

Employment Tribunals Procedure Rules 2024 Rule 74Equality Act 2010 s.6

Case details

Case number
3310946/2023
Decision date
12 June 2025
Hearing type
costs
Hearing days
2
Classification
procedural

Respondent

Sector
public sector
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Call handler

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister