Cases2225559/2024

Claimant v Anglo Thai Limited

16 May 2025Before Employment Judge AdkinLondon Centralremote video

Outcome

Partly successful£13,785

Individual claims

Unfair Dismissalfailed

The tribunal found that the First Claimant, Mr Somboonsarn, was not an employee of either respondent. He had significant flexibility in his work, controlled his own salary, set his own holiday, and operated across multiple businesses as an entrepreneur and owner. Without employee status, he could not bring an unfair dismissal claim.

Wrongful Dismissalfailed

The First Claimant's breach of contract claim for wrongful dismissal failed for the same reason—he was not an employee. The tribunal concluded he acted as a director and beneficial owner across several businesses, not as an employee under a contract of service.

Unfair Dismissalsucceeded

The Second Claimant, Ms Dudar, was found to be an employee of both respondents performing distinct work for each. The respondents ceased paying her salary without warning or procedure, which amounted to a dismissal. Although there was an irretrievable breakdown in trust, the lack of any fair procedure rendered the dismissal unfair.

Wrongful Dismissalsucceeded

The Second Claimant was entitled to one month's notice as a long-standing employee paid monthly. She received no notice and was summarily dismissed. The tribunal awarded one month's gross pay (£1,400 from each respondent) for breach of contract, subject to tax and NI deductions.

Facts

Two claimants, a married couple, worked for two Thai restaurant businesses owned by the first claimant's mother. Following High Court proceedings which found the restaurants were beneficially owned by the mother (not her son), the claimants resigned after the respondents stopped paying their salaries. The first claimant had been a director since 2003, also ran his own restaurant business, and had significant autonomy. The second claimant worked as a bookkeeper/administrator from 2007/2009 with more structured duties. Both claimants brought claims for unfair and wrongful dismissal.

Decision

The tribunal found the first claimant was not an employee—he acted as an entrepreneur and owner across multiple businesses with control over his own pay and working arrangements. The second claimant was found to be an employee of both respondents doing distinct work for each. Her dismissal by non-payment of salary was unfair, though a Polkey reduction of 100% applied as fair dismissal was inevitable given the complete breakdown in trust. She was awarded notice pay and a basic award.

Practical note

A director and shareholder is not automatically an employee: the tribunal must examine the reality of control, personal service obligations, and whether the contract genuinely regulates the relationship, looking beyond formal status and PAYE arrangements to how the parties actually conducted themselves.

Award breakdown

Basic award£10,985
Notice pay£2,800

Adjustments

Polkey reduction100%

Tribunal found irretrievable breakdown in trust and confidence meant a fair dismissal following a fair process was overwhelmingly likely within approximately four weeks.

Legal authorities cited

Autoclenz Ltd v Belcher [2011] UKSC 41Secretary of State for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform v Neufeld [2009] ICR 1183Bradley Rainford v Dorset Aquatics Limited (EA-2020-000123-BA)Walker v Somboonsarn [2024] EWHC 919 (Ch)Patel v Specsavers Optical Group Ltd UKEAT/0286/18Cairns v Visteon UK Ltd [2007] ICR 616Ready Mixed Concrete v Minister of Pensions [1968] 2 QB 497Clark v Clark Construction Initiatives Ltd [2008] ICR 635

Statutes

ERA 1996 s.230(1)

Case details

Case number
2225559/2024
Decision date
16 May 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
2
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
hospitality
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Director/Manager (First Claimant); Bookkeeper/Accountant (Second Claimant)

Claimant representation

Represented
No