Claimant v Berkshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
Outcome
Individual claims
Tribunal found dismissal was for Some Other Substantial Reason (claimant refusing to return to substantive role, refusing alternative roles, refusing to accept respondent had done all reasonably possible to resolve concerns). Tribunal found dismissal was within the band of reasonable responses: respondent had carried out independent investigation, offered redeployment opportunities, attempted to negotiate SOPs, changed line manager, and exhausted all reasonable options before concluding continued employment was not sustainable.
Tribunal found claimant had not established facts from which race discrimination could be inferred in relation to any of the 11 allegations spanning November 2017 to August 2021. Where treatment occurred, tribunal was satisfied it would have happened to a white comparator in materially the same circumstances. For example, the email of 10 April 2018 was sent because line manager believed operational manager's concerns at face value due to her seniority, not because of claimant's race. The November 2017 allegation was also out of time.
Protected act was the claimant's second grievance dated 17 March 2021 alleging racist behaviour. The two alleged detriments were (1) Elizabeth Chapman's decision not to recommend full investigation following fact-find in May 2021, and (2) commissioning of investigation into continued employment in August 2021. Tribunal found Chapman's decision was based on reasonable conclusion that desired outcomes could be achieved within existing processes, and that investigation into continued employment was commissioned because funding for supernumerary role ended, claimant refused to return to substantive post, and all other avenues had been exhausted — not because of the protected act.
Facts
The claimant, an Asian physiotherapist with over 15 years' service, worked part-time for the NHS Trust in a team operated by external provider Optalis. Following disputes about working days, a contentious email in April 2018 raising unverified concerns from her operational manager, and two grievances (one in 2019, one in 2021 alleging racism), the claimant refused to return to her substantive role. After exhausting redeployment options and attempts to negotiate satisfactory working arrangements, she was dismissed in February 2022 for refusing to return to work and refusing alternative employment.
Decision
The tribunal dismissed all claims. The unfair dismissal claim failed because dismissal was for Some Other Substantial Reason and within the band of reasonable responses given the respondent's extensive efforts to accommodate the claimant. The race discrimination claims (11 allegations spanning 2017-2021) failed because the claimant did not establish facts from which discrimination could be inferred; the tribunal was satisfied the same treatment would have been applied to a white comparator. The victimisation claim failed because the detriments relied upon were not because of the protected act (the March 2021 grievance alleging racism) but because of legitimate operational and procedural reasons.
Practical note
Even where an employer makes procedural errors in handling grievances (such as sending an email with unverified concerns or producing a poorly reasoned fact-find), a dismissal can still be fair if the employer takes extensive remedial steps including independent investigations, grievance appeals, changed line management, redeployment efforts, and attempts at mediation before concluding that continued employment is not sustainable due to the employee's refusal to return to any available role.
Legal authorities cited
Statutes
Case details
- Case number
- 3307098/2022
- Decision date
- 5 May 2025
- Hearing type
- full merits
- Hearing days
- 12
- Classification
- contested
Respondent
- Sector
- healthcare
- Represented
- Yes
- Rep type
- barrister
Employment details
- Role
- Band 7 Specialist Physiotherapist
- Service
- 16 years
Claimant representation
- Represented
- Yes
- Rep type
- barrister