Claimant v Marks and Spencer PLC
Outcome
Individual claims
The claimant complained she was not paid sick pay for absence in March/April 2018. However, the claimant accepted in cross-examination that race played no part in the decision to withhold pay. The non-payment stemmed from a misunderstanding about her pre-1987 contract and was reversed once the error was identified. The tribunal found this was management error, not discrimination.
The claimant complained she was not paid sick pay and was moved to the shop floor without discussion when her team closed, unlike her male colleague Kevin Morrissey who was consulted. The tribunal found the difference in treatment was because she had a different line manager at the time due to her grievance, not because of her sex. The claimant also accepted sex played no part in the sick pay decision.
The claimant complained that when her systems team was closed, her white male colleague was given a discussion about preferred roles but she was moved to the sales floor without consultation. The tribunal found the difference was because she was temporarily working under a different manager due to her grievance, not because of race. The failure to consult stemmed from management and HR failures, not discrimination.
Same facts as race discrimination claim regarding team closure. The tribunal found that even if the burden shifted (which it did not), the reason for different treatment was that the claimant had a different line manager at the relevant time due to her grievance, not her sex. Management simply failed to ensure her temporary manager was aware of or dealt with the situation.
Facts
The claimant, a black-Caribbean woman working in a systems support team at M&S, was not initially paid sick pay in March/April 2018 due to a misunderstanding about her pre-1987 contract (this was later corrected). While she was temporarily moved to the shop floor following a grievance against her line manager, her team was closed. Her white male colleague was consulted about his preferred new role, but she was not consulted. The claimant believed this was discrimination based on race and sex. The events occurred in 2018 but the claim was not brought until 2022.
Decision
The tribunal dismissed both discrimination claims. The claimant accepted the sick pay decision was not discriminatory. Regarding the team closure, the tribunal found the lack of consultation was because she had a different line manager at the time due to her grievance, not because of her race or sex. The claims were also significantly out of time and it would not be just and equitable to extend time. The tribunal awarded costs of £2,600 against the claimant under Rules 74(2)(a) and (b).
Practical note
Claimants must provide evidence linking less favourable treatment to protected characteristics beyond 'what else could it be?'; pursuing internal grievances does not extend tribunal time limits and does not excuse failure to research rights; and continuing claims after warnings from respondent and judiciary about weak prospects may result in costs orders even against litigants in person.
Legal authorities cited
Statutes
Case details
- Case number
- 2403663/2022
- Decision date
- 4 May 2025
- Hearing type
- full merits
- Hearing days
- 3
- Classification
- contested
Respondent
- Sector
- retail
- Represented
- Yes
- Rep type
- barrister
Employment details
- Role
- Systems team member
Claimant representation
- Represented
- No