Cases2409263/2023

Claimant v AQA Education

15 April 2025Before Employment Judge KenwardManchester

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Direct Discrimination(sex)failed

The tribunal found that the claimant had not proved facts from which it could conclude that less favourable treatment on grounds of sex occurred. The tribunal accepted the respondent's explanations for treatment were unrelated to sex—relating instead to performance, behaviour, and probationary suitability issues.

Direct Discrimination(race)failed

The tribunal found no evidence that race played any part in the respondent's treatment of the claimant. All treatment was explained by legitimate performance and conduct concerns. The tribunal noted that comparators relied upon (Ying Dong, Ilyas Abdullahi) shared protected characteristics with the claimant, undermining the discrimination case.

Harassment(sex)failed

The tribunal concluded that no conduct complained of was related to sex. While some conduct (e.g. being escorted off premises) may have been unwanted, it was not related to sex and it was not reasonable for the claimant to perceive it as creating an intimidating or hostile environment related to sex.

Harassment(race)failed

The tribunal found no features of the factual matrix that could properly lead to the conclusion that any conduct was related to race. The claimant was unreasonably prone to take offence. The tribunal accepted that treatment related to work performance and behaviour, not race.

Unfair Dismissalstruck out

The claimant lacked the requisite two years' qualifying service to bring an unfair dismissal claim. This claim was dismissed at an earlier stage of the proceedings.

Facts

The claimant, a South Asian male, was employed as a Temporary Post Results Administrator on a two-month fixed-term contract. He was dismissed after three weeks during his probationary period following multiple incidents of unprofessional behaviour: interrupting during induction, losing his temper and shouting at colleagues, arriving late and browsing news online, and making negative comments about work allocation. He was dismissed summarily and escorted from the premises without being given an opportunity to respond to allegations. He claimed this treatment and dismissal amounted to race and/or sex discrimination and harassment.

Decision

The tribunal dismissed all claims. It found that the claimant's treatment and dismissal were due to genuine concerns about his conduct and suitability during probation, not his race or sex. The tribunal preferred the evidence of the respondent's five witnesses and concluded that the claimant had not proved facts from which discrimination could be inferred. While aspects of the dismissal process were unsatisfactory (no meaningful process, summary dismissal for non-gross misconduct, escorting from premises), these did not amount to unlawful discrimination or harassment.

Practical note

Poor dismissal procedure and lack of process during probation does not, without more, establish discrimination; tribunals require cogent evidence linking treatment to a protected characteristic, and unreasonable treatment alone will not shift the burden of proof.

Legal authorities cited

Madarassy v Nomura International Plc [2007] ICR 867Brown v Croydon LBC [2007] IRLR 259Anya v University of Oxford [2001] ICR 847Land Registry v Grant [2011] ICR 1390Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust v Aslam [2020] IRLR 495JP Morgan Limited v Chweidan [2012] ICR 268Gould v St John's Downshire Hill [2021] ICR 1Virgin Active Limited v Hughes [2024] IRLR 4Olalekan v Serco Limited [2019] IRLR 314Hewage v Grampian Health Board [2012] UKSC 37Nagarajan v London Regional Transport [2000] 1 AC 501Glasgow City Council v Zafar [1998] ICR 120Richmond Pharmacology v Dhaliwal [2009] ICR 724Shamoon v Chief Constable of the Royal Ulster Constabulary [2003] ICR 337Igen v Wong [2005] ICR 931

Statutes

Equality Act 2010 s.14Equality Act 2010 s.23Equality Act 2010 s.26Equality Act 2010 s.136Employment Rights Act 1996Equality Act 2010 s.13

Case details

Case number
2409263/2023
Decision date
15 April 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
4
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
education
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Temporary Post Results Administrator
Service
1 months

Claimant representation

Represented
No