Claimant v Fertility Network UK
Outcome
Individual claims
Tribunal found that only Disclosures 1 and 4 (concerning breach of grant terms) were protected disclosures. However, all allegations that the respondent subjected the claimant to detriments because she made protected disclosures failed. The respondent proved that the detrimental treatment had nothing whatsoever to do with the protected disclosures. Each alleged detriment either did not occur, did not amount to a detriment, or was caused by legitimate reasons unrelated to the disclosures.
Claimant alleged breach of implied term of trust and confidence and non-payment of overtime. Tribunal found no express or implied contractual right to paid overtime existed. The TOIL policy was clear and payments were discretionary exceptions, not contractual entitlements. Regarding trust and confidence, the respondent had reasonable and proper cause for all acts complained of. The tribunal found no fundamental breach of contract, so the resignation did not amount to constructive dismissal.
Claimant claimed 18 hours unpaid overtime (£263.88). Tribunal found no express or implied contractual term entitling claimant to paid overtime. The written contract provided for TOIL only if agreed in advance. Custom and practice did not establish a contractual right. The TOIL policy was incompatible with any implied right to paid overtime. Claim failed on merits.
Same claim as breach of contract for 18 hours overtime. Failed for same reasons: no express or implied contractual right to paid overtime established. Without a contractual entitlement to the payment, there could be no unlawful deduction.
Facts
Claimant worked part-time (28 hours/week) as Scotland Branch Coordinator for a fertility charity from May 2019 to April 2024. In early 2024 she raised concerns to trustees about mismanagement of Scottish Government grant funding, changes to a colleague's contract without consultation, and data protection issues. She also claimed 18 hours unpaid overtime for work done in December 2023. The respondent commenced disciplinary action regarding her secondary makeup business which advertised availability during contracted working hours. Claimant raised a grievance about the disciplinary process, which was not upheld. She resigned on 4 March 2024 claiming constructive dismissal, citing the disciplinary action, failure to pay overtime, grant mismanagement, and lack of response to her disclosures.
Decision
Tribunal found that only disclosures about grant funding breaches were protected whistleblowing, but all detriment allegations failed because respondent proved legitimate reasons unconnected to the disclosures. Constructive dismissal claim failed because there was no fundamental breach of contract: no express or implied right to paid overtime existed (TOIL policy applied), and respondent had reasonable and proper cause for all actions including the disciplinary process. All claims dismissed.
Practical note
A clear written TOIL policy will usually prevent the implication of a contractual right to paid overtime through custom and practice, even where discretionary payments have sometimes been made, unless there is compelling evidence of a sufficiently regular and certain practice.
Legal authorities cited
Statutes
Case details
- Case number
- 8000734/2024
- Decision date
- 31 March 2025
- Hearing type
- full merits
- Hearing days
- 3
- Classification
- contested
Respondent
- Sector
- charity
- Represented
- Yes
- Rep type
- lay rep
Employment details
- Role
- Scotland Branch Coordinator
- Salary band
- £20,000–£25,000
- Service
- 5 years
Claimant representation
- Represented
- No