Cases2600881/2023

Claimant v Lincolnshire County Council

26 March 2025Before Employment Judge HeapLincolnin person

Outcome

Partly successful

Individual claims

Unfair Dismissalpartly succeeded

The tribunal found the dismissal procedurally unfair because the disciplinary panel should not have continued the hearing when the claimant became too unwell to participate and the trade union representative could not proceed on her behalf. However, the tribunal concluded that even with a fair procedure, the claimant would have been dismissed anyway (100% Polkey reduction) and her culpable conduct caused the dismissal (100% contributory fault reduction), resulting in no compensation despite the finding of unfairness.

Failure to Make Reasonable Adjustments(disability)failed

The tribunal found that the respondent did not apply the alleged provision, criterion or practice (concluding disciplinary proceedings within a certain time period). Even if it had, the claimant was not placed at a substantial disadvantage because she was able to participate and submit detailed representations. The respondent had already made reasonable adjustments by delaying the disciplinary process by 14 months.

Discrimination Arising from Disability (s.15)(disability)failed

While the tribunal found that concluding the disciplinary hearing on the same day was unfavourable treatment, there was no causal link between that treatment and something arising from the claimant's disabilities (cognitive issues or sick leave absence). The decision was taken because the disciplinary officer believed it was best to conclude matters in one sitting, not because of disability-related reasons.

Unlawful Deduction from Wagessucceeded

The claimant was suspended on full pay but when she went off sick during suspension, the respondent reduced her pay to sick pay. The tribunal found the claimant was entitled to full pay throughout her suspension as she had been told she would receive it and there was no contractual provision authorising the deduction. The suspension was never terminated despite her illness, making the reduction in pay an unauthorised deduction from wages.

Facts

A social worker with over 30 years' unblemished service accessed confidential case records of two neighbours (service users) via the council's Mosaic system without authorisation on numerous occasions during 2018 and 2021, including while on sick leave. She was suspended in December 2021 and subject to disciplinary proceedings. At the disciplinary hearing she suffered a panic attack requiring paramedic attendance. Despite her trade union representative requesting an adjournment, the panel proceeded in her absence and dismissed her for gross misconduct. She appealed but maintained she had done nothing wrong until these tribunal proceedings.

Decision

The tribunal found the dismissal procedurally unfair because the disciplinary panel should have adjourned when the claimant became too unwell to participate. However, the tribunal applied 100% Polkey and contributory fault reductions resulting in no compensation, finding she would have been dismissed anyway and her culpable conduct caused the dismissal. The discrimination claims failed. The unlawful deduction from wages claim succeeded where the council reduced her pay to sick pay during suspension without contractual authority.

Practical note

Even where a dismissal is procedurally unfair, an employer may avoid paying compensation if they can show the employee would have been dismissed anyway with a fair procedure (Polkey) and/or that the employee's culpable conduct caused the dismissal (contributory fault), with both potentially justifying 100% reductions leaving only a declaration of unfair dismissal.

Adjustments

Polkey reduction100%

The tribunal found that even had a fair procedure been adopted, the claimant would have been fairly dismissed anyway. There was no evidence she would have said anything different at a reconvened disciplinary hearing, and the appeal was conducted entirely fairly. Her conduct in accessing records without authorisation, knowing it was wrong, and showing no contrition until these proceedings meant dismissal was inevitable.

Contributory fault100%

The claimant accessed confidential service user records of her neighbours without authorisation, knowing it was wrong. She had clear training and warnings via the Mosaic system. She showed no contrition until the tribunal hearing and denied allegations despite knowing she was guilty. The tribunal found her culpable and blameworthy conduct was the entire cause of her dismissal.

Legal authorities cited

Polkey v A E Dayton Services Ltd [1988] ICR 142Basildon & Thurrock NHS Foundation Trust v Weerasinghe [2016] ICR 305Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust v Bagley UKEAT/0417/11BHS v Burchell [1978] IRLR 379Abernethy v Mott, Hay and Anderson [1974] ICR 323Sainsbury's Supermarkets Ltd v Hitt [2003] ICR 111

Statutes

ERA 1996 s.123(6)ERA 1996 s.13EqA 2010 s.20EqA 2010 s.15EqA 2010 s.21EqA 2010 s.39ERA 1996 s.94ERA 1996 s.98ERA 1996 s.122(2)

Case details

Case number
2600881/2023
Decision date
26 March 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
6
Classification
contested

Respondent

Name
Lincolnshire County Council
Sector
local government
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Social Worker
Service
32 years

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
lay rep