Cases2213439/2023

Claimant v London Borough of Hammersmith & Fulham

7 March 2025Before Employment Judge Galbraith-MartenLondon Centralremote video

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Constructive Dismissalfailed

Tribunal found the three allegations (pay scale issue, backdating of pay, and restriction on overtime) either were not factually correct or did not amount to a fundamental breach of contract. The restriction on overtime between October 2022 and January 2023 had a reasonable and proper cause (supportive measure following trauma) and was not calculated to destroy trust and confidence. Claimant was not dismissed.

Direct Discrimination(religion)failed

Three allegations concerning the investigation report findings: (a) conversation about faith and LGBT deemed inappropriate, (b) recommendation for EDI training, and (c) use of 'blood of Jesus' deemed inappropriate. Tribunal found none amounted to less favourable treatment because of religion. The findings were made because of the outcome of the workplace investigation, not the claimant's religion. Burden of proof did not shift.

Direct Discrimination(sex)failed

Three allegations: (a) failure to act on mini cab driver incident, (b) failure to act on police officer abuse, and (c) collective grievance raised against claimant. Tribunal found respondent did act on the first two complaints (CCTV reviewed, Inspector Fields consulted). Those claims were also out of time. The collective grievance was capable of less favourable treatment but was because of the claimant's conduct at work, not her sex. Burden of proof did not shift.

Direct Discrimination(disability)failed

Allegation that claimant was prevented from working overtime between June 2022 and January 2023 because of her lower back condition. Tribunal found the restriction (October 2022-January 2023) was because claimant had returned from stress-related sick leave (not related to disability), and respondent wanted to protect rest days following occupational health advice. The reason was not the disability. Comparator Mr. Burroughs was not in the same circumstances. Claim also out of time.

Harassment(sex)failed

Single allegation: failure to support claimant when police ignored and verbally assaulted her in August 2022. Tribunal found as a matter of fact that respondent did intervene (Mr. Thurlow spoke to Inspector Fields). Therefore no unwanted conduct occurred. Even if it had, it was not related to sex. Claim also out of time with no just and equitable extension sought.

Unlawful Deduction from Wagesfailed

Claimant alleged wages were outstanding between August 2021 and February 2022. Tribunal found claimant was provided with backdated 2021 pay award in March 2022. No unlawful deduction occurred. Claim also presented outside statutory time limit with no evidence it was not reasonably practicable to present in time.

Breach of Contractfailed

Claim related to alleged failure to pay correct wages between August 2021 and February 2022. Tribunal found claimant received backdated pay in March 2022 so no breach of contract occurred. Claim also out of time.

Facts

Claimant, a CCTV operator and the only woman in her team, transferred to public CCTV in August 2021. She experienced issues with pay grading initially, performance concerns regarding communication with police, a traumatic incident with a mini cab driver in August 2022, and was absent on sick leave. In February 2023, seven colleagues raised workplace concerns about her comments on LGBT issues, autism, and Christianity. She was investigated, four complaints partially upheld, but no disciplinary action taken. Claimant raised a grievance, went on long-term sick leave from March 2023, and resigned in October 2023 citing constructive dismissal after being informed she would proceed to a capability hearing.

Decision

Tribunal dismissed all claims. Constructive dismissal failed because allegations were either not factually correct (pay issues) or did not amount to fundamental breach (overtime restriction had reasonable cause). All discrimination claims failed because claimant did not shift burden of proof; respondent's actions were because of legitimate reasons (investigation findings, claimant's conduct, health support) not protected characteristics. Most claims were also out of time with no extension sought. Wages and contract claims failed as claimant received correct pay.

Practical note

An employer restricting voluntary overtime for supportive reasons following a period of stress-related absence does not breach the implied term of trust and confidence, and a collective grievance raised by colleagues based on workplace conduct does not constitute sex discrimination merely because the claimant is the only woman in the team.

Legal authorities cited

Kaur v Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust [2018] EWCA Civ 978Efobi v Royal Mail Group Ltd [2021] UKSC 33Madarassy v Nomura International Plc [2007] ICR 867Nagarajan v London Regional Transport [2000] 1 AC 501Shamoon v Chief Constable of the Royal Ulster Constabulary [2003] ICR 337Western Excavating v Sharp [1978] ICR 221Hewage v Grampian Health Board [2012] UKSC 37Igen v Wong [2005] ICR 931Glasgow City Council v Zafar [1998] ICR 120Malik and Mahmud v BCCI [1997] ICR 606

Statutes

ERA 1996 s.136(1)(c)ERA 1996 s.95(1)(c)EqA 2010 s.123EqA 2010 s.26(1)ERA 1996 s.23ERA 1996 s.13EqA 2010 s.136EqA 2010 s.23(1)EqA 2010 s.13

Case details

Case number
2213439/2023
Decision date
7 March 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
5
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
public sector
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
CCTV Officer
Salary band
£30,000–£40,000
Service
14 years

Claimant representation

Represented
No