Cases1801607/2023

Claimant v St Anne's Community Services Limited

7 March 2025Before Employment Judge JM WadeLeedshybrid

Outcome

Partly successful

Individual claims

Whistleblowingfailed

The tribunal found PIDs 1, 5 and 6 were qualifying disclosures. However, no detrimental treatment found was on the ground of the disclosures made. The tribunal concluded the adverse treatment by Mrs Kirkby in September and October 2022 was due to changed financial circumstances, loss of confidence in the claimant's capability and workload management, and unrelated to the protected disclosures.

Constructive Dismissalsucceeded

Detriments 1, 2, 4, 6 to 11 and 13 amounted to conduct cumulatively and in some cases separately breaching the implied term of trust and confidence. Principally, the tribunal found breaches in Mrs Kirkby's treatment on 13 and 26 September and 10 October 2022, including an unscheduled PDR with unjustified criticism, deletion of emails beyond 'junk', cuts to team resourcing without explanation, failure to conduct return to work, and taking over the claimant's meetings without discussion. The claimant did not affirm her contract and resigned substantially in response to these breaches.

Wrongful Dismissalsucceeded

The respondent alleged gross misconduct as a defence to wrongful dismissal (notice pay). The tribunal found the claimant did not engage in gross misconduct. She made an oral declaration about knowing Mr Webb at interview, her De'Leigh company was dormant and declared, and other alleged conduct issues did not amount to repudiatory breach. Constructive wrongful dismissal therefore succeeded.

Unlawful Deduction from Wageswithdrawn

Holiday pay complaint was not pursued in the claimant's schedule of loss or witness statement and was dismissed.

Automatic Unfair Dismissalfailed

Section 103A claim (automatic unfair dismissal for protected disclosure) dismissed. The tribunal concluded it cannot be said the principal reason for dismissal was that the claimant made one or more protected disclosures. The adverse treatment was not on the ground of the disclosures found.

Facts

The claimant was head of corporate governance at a charity providing care services. She raised concerns in August 2022 about due diligence and project management for a property development (alleged PIDs). She alleged she was then subjected to detriments including an unjustified unscheduled PDR, deletion of emails from her inbox while on leave, cuts to team resourcing without explanation, and being undermined on her return to work in October 2022. She went off sick with work-related stress, raised a grievance, and was later notified of potential gross misconduct allegations concerning conflicts of interest (relating to her prior directorship of a dormant company and trusteeships, and the recruitment of a colleague Mr Webb). She resigned citing victimisation and the misconduct allegations as the final straw.

Decision

The tribunal found some of the claimant's disclosures were protected, but the detrimental treatment she suffered was not on the ground of those disclosures — it was due to the respondent's changed financial circumstances and the CEO's loss of confidence in the claimant. However, the treatment (particularly in September and October 2022) breached the implied term of trust and confidence. The claimant did not affirm her contract during her sickness absence and resigned substantially in response to those breaches, succeeding in constructive unfair and wrongful dismissal. The respondent's gross misconduct allegations were not made out. Whistleblowing detriment and automatic unfair dismissal claims failed.

Practical note

A claimant can succeed in constructive dismissal based on a series of breaches of trust and confidence even where those breaches were not caused by protected disclosures; affirmation will not be found where the employee remains off sick and continues to complain rather than 'letting bygones be bygones'.

Legal authorities cited

Western Excavating v Sharp [1978] ICR 221Williams v Leeds United Football Club [2015] IRLR 383Boston Deep Sea Fishing Co v Ansell (1888) 39 Ch D 339Kaur v Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust [2018] EWCA Civ 978Dr I Gibson and Partners v Mrs SA Hughes UKEAT 0371/06Bournemouth University Corporation v Buckland [2011] QB 323Cockram v Air Products EAT 0038/14/LACourtaulds Northern Textiles Limited v Andrew [1979] IRLR 84Woods v WM Carr Services (Peterborough) Limited [1981] ICR 666London Borough of Waltham Forest v Omilaju [2004] EWCA Civ 1493

Statutes

ERA 1996 s.47BERA 1996 s.48ERA 1996 s.103AERA 1996 s.98ERA 1996 s.95(1)(c)ERA 1996 s.94ERA 1996 s.43B

Case details

Case number
1801607/2023
Decision date
7 March 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
7
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
healthcare
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Head of Corporate Governance (Company Secretary)
Service
3 years

Claimant representation

Represented
No