Cases2600865/2023

Claimant v Home from Home Care Limited

28 February 2025Before Employment Judge McTigueLincolnin person

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Automatic Unfair Dismissalfailed

The claimant failed to provide sufficient evidence that the reason for dismissal was that she took appropriate steps to protect herself or others from serious and imminent danger under s.100(1)(e) ERA 1996. The tribunal found the steps she took (putting her hand around a vulnerable resident's neck) were not appropriate, proportionate, or in line with NAPPI training, particularly given the resident's risk of choking. The claimant was also wearing a necklace contrary to policy.

Direct Discrimination(race)failed

The tribunal found that the decision to investigate the claimant was not because of race, but due to allegations of inappropriate restraint of a vulnerable resident, which would have resulted in the same treatment for any employee regardless of race. The manager's comment 'she shouldn't work for us anymore' referred to the organisation, not race, and was made after the investigation began. The dismissal was for conduct, not race—a White British employee who placed their hand around a vulnerable resident's neck would have been dismissed in the same circumstances.

Facts

The claimant, a Black African support worker on a zero-hours contract, was dismissed for gross misconduct after an incident on 11 December 2022 in which she placed her hand around the neck of a vulnerable resident ('J') with complex care needs and a risk of choking. The resident had grabbed the claimant's necklace, which she was wearing contrary to policy. Two witnesses, including the registered manager Lillie Cram, witnessed the incident. The manager later commented 'she shouldn't work for us anymore, don't want her back in here anyway'. The claimant was investigated, subjected to a disciplinary hearing, and dismissed on 29 December 2022. Her appeal was unsuccessful.

Decision

The tribunal dismissed both claims. The unfair dismissal claim failed because the claimant did not prove the reason for dismissal was her taking appropriate steps to protect herself or others from serious and imminent danger—the steps taken (putting her hand around the resident's neck) were not appropriate or proportionate given NAPPI training and the resident's vulnerabilities. The race discrimination claim failed because the investigation and dismissal were due to the alleged inappropriate restraint, not race. A hypothetical White comparator in the same circumstances would have been treated identically. The manager's comment referred to the organisation, not race, and was made after the investigation commenced.

Practical note

Employers in the care sector can successfully defend discrimination claims where dismissal results from alleged safeguarding failures, provided they can demonstrate that any employee, regardless of protected characteristic, would have been treated the same way for the same alleged misconduct.

Legal authorities cited

Madarassy v Nomura International Plc [2007] ICR 867Smith v Hayle Town Council [1978] ICR 996Oudahar v Esporta Group Ltd [2011] ICR 1406Balfour Kilpatrick Ltd v Acheson [2003] IRLR 683Igen v Wong [2005] ICR 931Chief Constable of West Yorkshire Police v Khan [2001] UKHL 48Efobi v Royal Mail Group Ltd [2021] UKSC 33Nagarajan v London Regional Transport [2000] 1 AC 501Maund v Penwith District Council [1984] ICR 143

Statutes

EqA 2010 s.136ERA 1996 s.100(1)(e)EqA 2010 s.13

Case details

Case number
2600865/2023
Decision date
28 February 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
3
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
healthcare
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Personal Support Worker
Service
6 months

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
solicitor