Cases3311224/2023

Claimant v CMR Surgical Limited

20 February 2025Before Employment Judge ConleyCambridge

Outcome

Partly successful

Individual claims

Harassment(race)partly succeeded

Claim succeeded in relation to the 'foreigner' remark on 4 October 2022 by Ms Tubacka, which was unwanted conduct related to race that created an intimidating, hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive environment. The tribunal found this was a microaggression that singled the claimant out and would not have been said to a white British employee. Most other alleged acts of harassment failed as they were either not proved, not related to race, or did not meet the statutory threshold.

Direct Discrimination(race)partly succeeded

Claim succeeded in limited scope. The 'foreigner' remark on 4 October 2022 amounted to less favourable treatment because of race. The tribunal found Ms Tubacka held an unconscious bias against the claimant, perceiving his poor communication and behaviours as attributable to him being 'foreign'. This bias played at least some part in how she treated him, including in the redundancy scoring exercise, which the tribunal found may have been pre-determined at least in part by this bias. The tribunal could not rule out that the outcome was affected by racial bias even if a fair process might have reached the same result.

Facts

Claimant, an Indian national employed as Supplier Engineer from August 2021, initially thrived under John Bailey's supportive management despite some communication issues. In September 2022, Marta Tubacka was promoted to be his line manager. Their relationship was hostile from the outset - she told him he was 'a foreigner' in October 2022 and managed him with a direct, confrontational style. She placed him on informal then formal PIPs, gave him a 2/5 appraisal rating, and ultimately scored him lowest in a redundancy exercise in May 2023. Claimant alleged this treatment was discriminatory. He also made covert recordings of colleagues despite warnings.

Decision

Tribunal found that the 'foreigner' remark on 4 October 2022 constituted both harassment and direct discrimination because of race. This revealed an unconscious bias that permeated Ms Tubacka's subsequent treatment of the claimant, including in the redundancy scoring which was found to be influenced at least in part by racial bias. Most of the other 38 allegations failed. The tribunal noted the claimant's own conduct (covert recordings, undermining authority, poor communication) contributed to how he was treated and would be reflected in remedy.

Practical note

Calling an employee 'a foreigner' is race discrimination even if intended innocuously, and can evidence unconscious bias that taints subsequent decisions including redundancy selection, though tribunals will consider contributory conduct when assessing remedy.

Legal authorities cited

Madarassy v Nomura International Plc [2007] ICR 867Shamoon v Chief Constable of the Royal Ulster Constabulary [2003] ICR 337Nagarajan v London Regional Transport [2000] 1 AC 501Richmond Pharmacology v Dhaliwal [2009] ICR 724Gould v St John's Downshire Hill [2021] ICR 1Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis v Hendricks [2003] ICR 530Anya v University of Oxford [2001] ICR 847Robertson v Bexley Community Centre [2003] IRLR 434Southwark London Borough Council v Afolabi [2003] ICR 800Land Registry v Grant [2011] ICR 1390Bracebridge Engineering Ltd v Darby [1990] IRLR 3Glasgow City Council v Zafar [1998] ICR 120

Statutes

Equality Act 2010 s.13Equality Act 2010 s.26Equality Act 2010 s.123Limitation Act 1980 s.33

Case details

Case number
3311224/2023
Decision date
20 February 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
6.5
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
healthcare
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Supplier Engineer

Claimant representation

Represented
No