Cases3202091/2020

Claimant v Star Care UK Ltd

19 February 2025Before Employment Judge C LewisEast London Hearing Centrein person

Outcome

Partly successful£8,844

Individual claims

Unfair Dismissalwithdrawn

Withdrawn by the claimant at a hearing on 10 June 2021.

Unlawful Deduction from Wageswithdrawn

Claimant accepted she had been paid her wages and that the national minimum wage is the hourly rate before deductions. She confirmed the only remaining claim was for holiday pay.

Holiday Paypartly succeeded

Claim for holiday pay 2010-2016 failed as out of time. Claim for holiday pay 2016-2020 succeeded. Tribunal found claimant was denied the right to take paid annual leave during the period she was classified as self-employed. Holiday pay should have been calculated on the flat rate for each call rather than actual minutes worked, reflecting her normal pay. Respondent had paid £7,474.35; tribunal ordered additional £8,844.34 to be paid.

Facts

Claimant worked as a domiciliary care assistant from 24 February 2010, initially as an employee paid via PAYE, then from October 2016 as a self-employed worker. She was paid for visits at a flat rate per call (e.g. £4.40 for 30 minutes, £8.80 for 1 hour) regardless of actual minutes worked. From 2016-2020 she took unpaid leave when unavailable for work but was not paid for annual leave entitlement. Respondent calculated holiday pay owed based on actual minutes worked rather than the flat rate per call. Claimant brought claims for unfair dismissal (withdrawn), unpaid wages, and holiday pay covering periods 2010-2016 and 2016-2020.

Decision

Tribunal found claims for holiday pay 2010-2016 were out of time, as there was a break in the employment relationship when claimant moved to self-employed status in October 2016. However, holiday pay claim for 2016-2020 succeeded. Tribunal held that holiday pay should have been calculated on the flat rate for each call (reflecting claimant's normal pay), not the actual minutes worked. Respondent had paid £7,474.35; tribunal ordered an additional £8,844.34 gross to be paid, giving credit for amounts already received.

Practical note

Where a worker is misclassified as self-employed and denied paid annual leave, the right to paid leave carries over until termination, and holiday pay must be calculated on 'normal pay' including regular payments such as flat-rate call fees, not just time actually worked.

Award breakdown

Holiday pay£8,844

Legal authorities cited

Bear Scotland Ltd v Fulton [2015] ICR 221King v Sash Window Workshop [2018] IRLR 142 ECJPimlico Plumbers Ltd v Smith (No 2) [2022] EWCA Civ 70, [2022] IRLR 347Chief Constable of the Police Service of Northern Ireland v Agnew [2023] UKSC 33

Statutes

Employment Rights Act 1996 Part XIV ss.221-224Employment Rights Act 1996 s.23Deduction from Wages (Limitation) Regulations 2014Working Time Regulations 1998 Reg 13Working Time Regulations 1998 Reg 14Working Time Regulations 1998 Reg 16

Case details

Case number
3202091/2020
Decision date
19 February 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
1
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
healthcare
Represented
Yes
Rep type
lay rep

Employment details

Role
care assistant
Service
10 years

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
lay rep