Cases2304168/2024

Claimant v Plinian Capital Ltd

12 February 2025Before Employment Judge TsamadosLondon South (Croydon)remote video

Outcome

Partly successful

Individual claims

Unfair Dismissalstruck out

The Tribunal found the Claimant was not an employee but a worker, and therefore the Tribunal has no jurisdiction to hear the unfair dismissal complaint. The complaint was dismissed for lack of jurisdiction.

Redundancy Paystruck out

The Tribunal found the Claimant was not an employee but a worker, and therefore has no jurisdiction to hear the claim for statutory redundancy payment. The complaint was dismissed for lack of jurisdiction.

Breach of Contractstruck out

The Tribunal found the Claimant was not an employee but a worker, and therefore has no jurisdiction to hear the claim for damages for breach of contract (notice pay). The complaint was dismissed for lack of jurisdiction.

Unlawful Deduction from Wagesnot determined

The Tribunal found the Claimant was a worker and therefore has jurisdiction to hear the complaint of unauthorised deductions from wages. The merits have not yet been determined.

Holiday Paynot determined

The Tribunal found the Claimant was a worker and therefore has jurisdiction to hear the complaint regarding entitlement to payment in respect of annual leave. The merits have not yet been determined.

Facts

The Claimant worked as a Project Manager for the Respondent, a private equity firm investing in mining companies, from May 2013 to November 2023. She was engaged through her own limited company, Metallogenic Mining Ltd (MML), which invoiced the Respondent £5,000 per month (later reduced to £2,500). No formal contract was ever signed. Attempts in 2018-19 to establish employment contracts failed. From February 2022, the Respondent stopped paying invoices, leaving over £60,000 outstanding. The Claimant was dismissed in November 2023.

Decision

The Tribunal found that the Claimant was not an employee but was a worker. Her claims for unfair dismissal, redundancy pay, and breach of contract (notice pay) were dismissed for lack of jurisdiction. However, the Tribunal has jurisdiction to hear her claims for unauthorised deductions from wages and holiday pay, which will proceed to a full merits hearing.

Practical note

Even where services are invoiced through a personal limited company and parties initially intended self-employment, a tribunal may still find worker status where there is personal service, no genuine right of substitution, and the individual is integrated into the business rather than acting as an independent service provider to multiple clients.

Legal authorities cited

Ready Mixed Concrete v Minister of Pensions [1968] 2 QB 497Redrow Homes (Yorkshire) Ltd v Buckborough & Sewell [2009] IRLR 34Johnson v G T Gettaxi (UK) Ltd [2024] EAT 162O'Brien v Ministry of Justice [2013] IRLR 315Hospital Medical Group Ltd v Westwood [2012] IRLR 834Windle & Anor v SS for Justice [2014] IRLR 914Express & Echo Publications Ltd v Tanton [1999] IRLR 367Premier Groundworks Ltd v Jozsa UKEAT/0494/08Autoclenz Ltd v Belcher [2011] UKSC 41O'Kelly v Trusthouse Forte plc [1983] IRLR 369Carmichael v National Power plc [2000] IRLR 43Montgomery v Johnson Underwood Ltd [2001] IRLR 269Protectacoat Firthglow Ltd v Szilagyi [2009] IRLR 365Consistent Group Ltd v Kalwak & Ors [2008] IRLR 505

Statutes

WTR 1998 reg.2ERA 1996 s.230

Case details

Case number
2304168/2024
Decision date
12 February 2025
Hearing type
preliminary
Hearing days
1
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
financial services
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Project Manager
Salary band
£60,000–£80,000
Service
11 years

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister