Claimant v Marks and Spencer PLC
Outcome
Individual claims
Not determined at this preliminary hearing. Claim was within the primary three month time limit. Merits to be determined at full hearing.
Tribunal unable to determine time limits without hearing all evidence regarding whether acts formed a continuing course of conduct. Some allegations had little reasonable prospect (paragraphs 3.2.1, 3.2.2, 3.2.4) leading to deposit orders. Merits to be determined at full hearing.
Same allegations as direct race discrimination. Tribunal found allegations at paragraphs 3.2.1, 3.2.2 and 3.2.4 had little reasonable prospect of success. Allegations at 3.2.3 and 3.2.5 to proceed to full hearing.
Tribunal found the Claimant was not disabled at the material time (May 2023). No evidence provided of substantial long-term adverse effect on day-to-day activities at the relevant time. Claimant did not provide full medical records or oral evidence on effect on daily activities despite opportunities to do so. Claim dismissed.
Tribunal found the Claimant was not disabled at the material time. Without establishing disability as a threshold issue, the harassment related to disability claim could not succeed. Claim dismissed.
Tribunal found the Claimant was not disabled for the purposes of section 6 of the Equality Act 2010 at the material time (May 2023). Claimant failed to discharge burden of proof regarding substantial long-term effect on day-to-day activities. Claim dismissed.
Facts
The Claimant, a Lithuanian national, worked as a Customer Assistant for Marks and Spencer from October 2012 to November 2023. She had a diagnosed heart condition (paroxysmal atrial fibrillation) since 2009. She alleged race discrimination in five incidents between 2019-2023, including refusal to use toilet facilities during heavy menstrual bleeding, Covid mask investigation, lack of support after racial abuse by customer, disbelief about her heart condition, and dismissal. She was dismissed for gross misconduct following a customer complaint on 25 August 2023 where she claimed she had been racially abused.
Decision
The Tribunal dismissed all disability discrimination claims, finding the Claimant was not disabled at the material time because she failed to provide evidence of substantial long-term effect on day-to-day activities in May 2023. The Tribunal dismissed the strike-out application but made deposit orders totaling £90 for three race discrimination allegations found to have little reasonable prospect of success. Other race discrimination allegations were permitted to proceed to full hearing.
Practical note
Claimants must provide contemporaneous evidence of the effect of an impairment on day-to-day activities at the material time to establish disability; historic medical diagnoses and post-claim witness statements about current effects are insufficient.
Legal authorities cited
Statutes
Case details
- Case number
- 1400494/2024
- Decision date
- 5 February 2025
- Hearing type
- preliminary
- Hearing days
- 2
- Classification
- contested
Respondent
- Sector
- retail
- Represented
- Yes
- Rep type
- barrister
Employment details
- Role
- Customer Assistant
- Service
- 11 years
Claimant representation
- Represented
- No