Cases8000065/2024

Claimant v HM Revenue & Customs

17 January 2025Before Employment Judge J McCluskeyScotlandin person

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Direct Discrimination(age)withdrawn

The claimant withdrew this complaint at the outset of the final hearing.

Breach of Contractwithdrawn

The claimant withdrew this complaint at the outset of the final hearing.

Failure to Make Reasonable Adjustments(disability)withdrawn

The claimant withdrew this complaint at the outset of the final hearing. It related to a PCP of requiring employees to be at work (and not absent from work on sick leave) in order to be considered for the voluntary redundancy exit scheme.

Unfair Dismissalfailed

The tribunal found the claimant was not forced to resign as alleged. Ms McNally did not tell the claimant she could either return to work, resign or be dismissed; rather she explained the SYA policy process which would involve referral to an independent decision manager. The claimant had jumped the gun when she resigned.

Constructive Dismissalfailed

The tribunal found there was no repudiatory breach of the implied term of trust and confidence. Ms McNally followed the SYA policy appropriately and did not say what the claimant alleged. Objectively, the call on 19 June 2023 was not calculated or likely to destroy or damage the relationship of trust and confidence. The claimant resigned voluntarily, not in response to any breach.

Discrimination Arising from Disability (s.15)(disability)failed

The tribunal found no unfavourable treatment as alleged. Ms McNally did not tell the claimant she could return to work, resign or be dismissed on 19 June 2023. The respondent did not force the claimant to resign and she was not constructively dismissed. Accordingly there was no unfavourable treatment.

Failure to Make Reasonable Adjustments(disability)failed

The tribunal found the respondent did not have a PCP of requiring employees to work their full duties (the claimant had herself worked a phased return) or of requiring employees who are absent from work to provide a definitive date by which they can return to work. As neither PCP was established, the complaint failed.

Facts

The claimant, an administrative officer at HMRC since 2002, was diagnosed with skin cancer in August 2021. She was absent on sick leave from August 2021 to January 2022, returned on a phased basis, then went off sick again from March 2022 until her resignation in June 2023. Her line manager Ms McNally followed HMRC's Supporting Your Attendance (SYA) policy. After an OH report in May 2023 gave no timeline for return to work, Ms McNally called the claimant on 19 June 2023 to explain the next steps under the SYA policy - referral to an independent decision manager. The claimant believed she was being forced to resign or face dismissal and resigned on 28 June 2023.

Decision

The tribunal dismissed all claims. It found Ms McNally did not tell the claimant to provide a definitive return date or resign/be dismissed, but was properly following the SYA policy which would have led to a formal process with an independent decision maker. The claimant 'jumped the gun' by resigning. There was no repudiatory breach of contract, no unfavourable treatment for disability discrimination, and the alleged PCPs (requirement to work full duties or provide definitive return date) did not exist.

Practical note

Employers can lawfully follow sickness absence policies even with disabled employees on long-term sick leave, provided they follow proper process and do not jump to ultimatums - here the tribunal found the manager was properly explaining the next stage (referral to decision maker) not forcing an immediate choice.

Legal authorities cited

Igen v Wong [2005] ICR 931Leeds Dental Team v Rose [2014] ICR 94Kaur v Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust [2018] EWCA Civ 978Western Excavating v Sharp [1978] ICR 221Malik v Bank of Credit and Commerce International [1998] AC 20E Pascoe v Hallen & Medway 1975 IRLR 116Selkent Bus Co Ltd v Moore 1996 ICR 836Vaughan v Modality Partnership 2021 ICR 535Madarassy v Nomura International Plc [2007] ICR 867

Statutes

ERA 1996 s.94ERA 1996 s.95(1)(a)ERA 1996 s.95(1)(c)EqA 2010 s.15EqA 2010 s.20EqA 2010 s.21EqA 2010 s.123EqA 2010 s.136EqA 2010 Sch 8 para 20

Case details

Case number
8000065/2024
Decision date
17 January 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
4
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
central government
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Administrative Officer
Service
22 years

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
solicitor