Cases2214924/2023

Claimant v The Fremaux Delorme Company Limited

16 November 2024Before Employment Judge CoenLondon Centralremote video

Outcome

Other

Individual claims

Automatic Unfair Dismissalwithdrawn

Claimant withdrew automatic unfair dismissal claims under s103A ERA 1996 (whistleblowing) and s100 ERA 1996 (health and safety) against the second respondent on the basis that he accepted he was not an employee of Harrods.

Direct Discrimination(sex)not determined

Direct sex discrimination claims against both respondents remain outstanding. This preliminary hearing dealt only with status issues and amendment applications.

Direct Discrimination(sexual orientation)not determined

Direct sexual orientation discrimination claims against both respondents remain outstanding. This preliminary hearing dealt only with status issues and amendment applications.

Harassment(sex)not determined

Harassment claims based on sex against both respondents remain outstanding. This preliminary hearing dealt only with status issues and amendment applications.

Harassment(sexual orientation)not determined

Harassment claims based on sexual orientation against both respondents remain outstanding. This preliminary hearing dealt only with status issues and amendment applications.

Victimisationnot determined

Victimisation claims against both respondents remain outstanding. This preliminary hearing dealt only with status issues and amendment applications.

Detrimentnot determined

Whistleblowing detriment claims under s47B ERA 1996 against both respondents remain outstanding. Tribunal found claimant is a worker under extended definition in s43K for whistleblowing purposes in relation to second respondent.

Facts

Claimant was employed as sales assistant by first respondent (Fremaux Delorme) from October 2021 to June 2023, working in their bedlinen concession within Harrods department store from May 2022. He was dismissed following disciplinary proceedings in June 2023. The relationship involved a concessionaire agreement between first respondent and Harrods which required adequate staffing, adherence to Harrods policies, store approval for all staff, and gave Harrods the right to remove store approval. Claimant wore Harrods badge, attended daily briefings, received store discount, and occasionally assisted Harrods customers beyond the concession.

Decision

Tribunal held claimant was not a limb(b) worker for Harrods under s.230(3)(b) ERA 1996 or s.83(2)(a) EqA 2010 because there was no implied contract for personal service — the helping out in the store lacked sufficient clarity, obligation, and remuneration to constitute a contract. However, claimant was a worker under extended definition in s.43K ERA 1996 for whistleblowing purposes because terms of his engagement were substantially determined by both first respondent and Harrods through the concessionaire agreement and store approval process. All four amendment applications (adding perceived disability discrimination, time theft disclosure, conspiracy claims, and nine individual respondents) were refused due to delay, lack of clarity, and balance of hardship to parties.

Practical note

Concession workers in department stores can fall under the extended s.43K worker definition for whistleblowing even if not limb(b) workers, where the host retailer substantially determines terms of engagement through approval processes and operational requirements.

Legal authorities cited

Quashie v Stringfellow Restaurants [2013] IRLR 99Chaudhry v Cerberus Security [2022] EAT 172Vaughan v Modality Partnership UKEAT/0147/20Selkent Bus Company v Moore [1996] IRLR 661McTigue v University Hospital Bristol NHS Foundation Trust [2016] IRLR 742 EATCotswold Developments v Williams [2006] IRLR 181 EATNursing and Midwifery Council v Somerville [2022] ICR 755 CAByrne Brothers v Baird [2002] ICR 667Harrods v Remick [1998] ICR 156 CAUber BV v Aslam [2021] UKSC 5Pimlico Plumbers [2018] UKSC 29Bates van Winkelhof v Clyde & Co [2014] UKSC 32

Statutes

ERA 1996 s.43KEqA 2010 s.83(2)(a)ERA 1996 s.230(3)(b)ERA 1996 s.44ERA 1996 s.47BERA 1996 s.100ERA 1996 s.103AEqA 2010 s.41

Case details

Case number
2214924/2023
Decision date
16 November 2024
Hearing type
preliminary
Hearing days
2
Classification
procedural

Respondent

Sector
retail
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Sales assistant
Service
2 years

Claimant representation

Represented
No