Cases6001809/2023

Claimant v Caleňo Drinks Limited

24 October 2024Before Employment Judge C H O'RourkeBristolin person

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Direct Discrimination(pregnancy)failed

The tribunal found the performance criticisms during probationary reviews in March 2023 were constructive, balanced with praise, and aimed at helping the claimant pass probation. They would have been given to any employee in similar circumstances. The claimant did not raise concerns about her pregnancy affecting her performance at the time, instead wishing not to be seen as a 'hindrance'. There was no evidence the feedback was because of her pregnancy.

Detriment(pregnancy)failed

The tribunal found no evidence that the failure to conduct a second pregnancy risk assessment was a deliberate omission or detriment. The claimant never requested one or complained about the omission at the time, and never again referred to the first assessment after signing it. Ms Churchill's evidence was that the claimant did not provide detail about the severity of her perinatal depression diagnosis. The tribunal considered this an 'after the event' complaint.

Unfair Dismissal(pregnancy)failed

The tribunal found the dismissal was not because of pregnancy. The financial reasons for redundancy would have applied regardless of pregnancy. Significantly, the claimant did not consider pregnancy to be the reason for dismissal at the time and only raised this possibility months later after taking legal advice. Her performance, whether affected by pregnancy or not, was not a factor in the redundancy decision.

Facts

The claimant was employed as Events Manager for five months in a newly-created role at a non-alcoholic drinks company. She announced her pregnancy in mid-February 2023 and was subsequently diagnosed with perinatal depression. She received performance feedback in probationary reviews in March 2023. Due to significant financial difficulties and a 70% reduction in the marketing budget, the company undertook a redundancy exercise in April 2023, making the claimant's role redundant along with one other position. The claimant appealed but was unsuccessful, with her dismissal taking effect on 5 May 2023.

Decision

The tribunal dismissed all claims. It found that performance feedback was constructive and would have been given to any employee, that the claimant did not raise concerns about pregnancy affecting her work at the time, that the failure to conduct a second risk assessment was not deliberate, and that the redundancy was genuinely driven by financial difficulties rather than pregnancy. The tribunal preferred the respondent's evidence and found the claimant's evidence had significant credibility issues, including making allegations in her witness statement not mentioned in her claim form.

Practical note

Temporal proximity between pregnancy disclosure and dismissal, without more, is insufficient to establish pregnancy discrimination; claimants must provide evidence beyond the fact of pregnancy and timing, and tribunals will scrutinise whether concerns were raised contemporaneously or only emerged after the event.

Legal authorities cited

Efobi v Royal Mail Group Ltd [2021] UKSC 33Amnesty International v Ahmed [2009] UKEAT IRLR 884Williams v Trustees of Swansea University Pension & Assurance Scheme [2018] UKSC 65Bolton School v Evans [2007] IRLR 140 CAEdinburgh Mela Ltd v Purnell [2021] UKEAT IRLR 874

Statutes

Equality Act 2010 s.13Equality Act 2010 s.18Equality Act 2010 s.18(7)Employment Rights Act 1996 s.47C

Case details

Case number
6001809/2023
Decision date
24 October 2024
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
4
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
food and beverage
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Events Manager
Salary band
£30,000–£40,000
Service
5 months

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
lay rep