Cases3310503/2023

Claimant v Ashbury Labelling Limited

21 October 2024Before Employment Judge Grahame AndersonReadingremote video

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Automatic Unfair Dismissalfailed

The tribunal found only one protected disclosure was made (December 2022 to Jamin Edwards about breach of contract). However, the respondent provided clear evidence that the principal reason for dismissal was the breakdown of relationship with Tesco client, specifically Peter Barr's formal concerns about the claimant's capability. After being removed from Tesco account, no alternative roles were available and Helen McCabe was appointed to M&S. The protected disclosure in December 2022 was followed by continued positive working relationship with Edwards until dismissal in March 2023. The tribunal concluded the respondent showed a clear and cogent reason for dismissal unconnected to the protected disclosure.

Detrimentfailed

Three alleged detriments were claimed: (1) failure to provide appeal - not a detriment as no legal entitlement and no evidence decision-maker Adam Beckles knew of protected disclosure; (2) removal from M&S contract - this was a detriment but tribunal found clear evidence Helen McCabe was appointed due to her expert knowledge and long relationship with M&S, not because of protected disclosure; (3) delay responding to solicitor's letter - not a detriment as no obligation to respond and HR manager who made decision had no knowledge of disclosures beyond what was in the letter. Only one of four alleged protected disclosures was upheld (December 2022 to Edwards re breach of contract), but none of the detriments were found to be because of this disclosure.

Facts

The claimant was employed as Account Director managing Tesco and M&S accounts from May 2022 to June 2023. He believed contractual clauses required separate full-time account directors for each client. In December 2022, he raised concerns with line manager Jamin Edwards about breach of contract. In March 2023, Tesco's main contact Peter Barr formally complained about the claimant's capability. When a second Account Director (Helen McCabe) was recruited, she took over M&S due to her expertise, and the claimant was dismissed due to the breakdown in relationship with Tesco, with no alternative roles available. The claimant was paid during a three-month garden leave notice period.

Decision

The tribunal dismissed all claims. Of four alleged protected disclosures, only one was upheld - the December 2022 disclosure to Edwards about breach of contract with clients. The tribunal found the three alleged detriments either were not detriments or were not caused by the protected disclosure. The tribunal accepted the respondent's evidence that dismissal was due to the irretrievable breakdown in relationship with Tesco, supported by written complaints from the client, and unconnected to the protected disclosure made several months earlier.

Practical note

A protected disclosure alone does not establish automatically unfair dismissal - the tribunal must be satisfied it was the principal reason for dismissal, and clear contemporaneous evidence of an alternative legitimate reason (client relationship breakdown) will defeat a whistleblowing claim even where a protected disclosure was made.

Legal authorities cited

Kuzel v Roche Products Ltd [2008] ICR 799Fecitt v NHS Manchester [2012] ICR 372Selkent Bus Co Ltd v Moore 1996 ICR 836Vaughan v Modality Partnership 2021 ICR 535Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce v Beck 2009 IRLR 740Chesterton Global Ltd & Anor v Nurmohamed & Anor [2017] EWCA Civ 979

Statutes

ERA 1996 s.43AERA 1996 s.43BERA 1996 s.43CERA 1996 s.47BERA 1996 s.48ERA 1996 s.103A

Case details

Case number
3310503/2023
Decision date
21 October 2024
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
3
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
professional services
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Account Director
Service
1 years

Claimant representation

Represented
No