Cases2216217/2023

Claimant v London Underground Limited

7 October 2024Before Employment Judge HodgsonLondon Central

Outcome

Claimant succeeds

Individual claims

Unfair Dismissalsucceeded

The tribunal found the respondent established a potentially fair reason (conduct) and conducted a reasonable investigation. However, the respondent totally failed to provide an appeal hearing as required by its own procedure and the ACAS code, with no adequate explanation. Given the context of the conversation involving multiple participants and possible mitigating factors that could have been explored on appeal, the tribunal held there was a real prospect the appeal would have led to a different outcome. The failure to allow an appeal was unreasonable and rendered the dismissal unfair.

Facts

The claimant was a customer service supervisor for London Underground. On his second day at White City station on 15 November 2022, during a discussion about polygamy with three colleagues including a female colleague Ms Atagana, he was alleged to have made sexually explicit comments including directing a vulgar comment specifically at Ms Atagana. Following an investigation, he was dismissed for gross misconduct on 24 May 2023. He appealed on 31 May 2023 but the respondent failed to progress or hold an appeal hearing despite the claimant's repeated requests.

Decision

The tribunal found the dismissal unfair. While the respondent established a potentially fair reason (conduct) and conducted a reasonable investigation, the total failure to provide an appeal hearing as required by the respondent's own procedure and the ACAS code was unreasonable. Given the context of the conversation involving multiple participants and potential mitigating factors around comparative treatment and the context in which the comments were made, there was a real prospect the appeal would have led to a different outcome. Questions of contribution and Polkey reduction were reserved to a remedy hearing.

Practical note

Even where an employer establishes a potentially fair reason and conducts a reasonable investigation, a complete failure to provide a contractual and ACAS-required appeal without explanation will render a dismissal unfair, particularly where there are arguable grounds of appeal concerning context, comparative treatment, or sanction.

Legal authorities cited

Taylor v OCS Group Limited [2006] ICR 1602 CAPolkey v A E Dayton Services Ltd [1988] ICR 142Sainsbury's Supermarkets Ltd v Hitt [2003] ICR 111Iceland Frozen Foods v Jones [1983] ICR 17BHS v Burchell [1978] IRLR 379Abernethy v Mott, Hay and Anderson [1974] ICR 323Sheffield Health and Social Care NHS Foundation Trust v Crabtree EAT/0331/09Westminster City Council v Cabaj [1996] ICR 960

Statutes

Employment Rights Act 1996 s.98(1)(b)Employment Rights Act 1996 s.98(1)(a)Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992 s.207Employment Rights Act 1996 s.98(4)Employment Rights Act 1996 s.98(2)(b)

Case details

Case number
2216217/2023
Decision date
7 October 2024
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
2
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
transport
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Customer Service Supervisor
Service
4 years

Claimant representation

Represented
No