Cases3200700/2024

Claimant v London Borough of Tower Hamlets

20 September 2024Before Employment Judge G ElliottEast Londonremote video

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Unfair Dismissalfailed

The tribunal found that the claimant was at all material times an employee of Adecco, not the respondent. He was an agency worker assigned to provide services to the respondent. As he was not an employee of the respondent, he did not have the right to claim unfair dismissal. There was no dismissal by the respondent; they merely terminated his assignment.

Automatic Unfair Dismissalfailed

The claimant alleged dismissal for trade union activities under section 152 TULRCA. However, the tribunal found that as the claimant was not an employee of the respondent but an employee of Adecco, there was no dismissal by the respondent. The respondent simply terminated his agency assignment. Without employee status, he cannot claim automatically unfair dismissal.

Detrimentfailed

The claimant alleged detriment for trade union activities under section 146 TULRCA, with the detriment being dismissal. The tribunal found the claimant was not an employee of the respondent and there was no dismissal. Under section 146(5A), where the worker is an employee and the detriment amounts to dismissal, section 146 does not apply. The claim therefore fails.

Breach of Contractdismissed on withdrawal

The claimant claimed notice pay in excess of the 3 weeks paid. This claim was dismissed on withdrawal on day 2 of the hearing.

Holiday Payfailed

The claimant claimed 3 days' holiday pay for 24-26 December 2023. The tribunal found the respondent had no contractual responsibility for the claimant's holiday pay as this was the responsibility of his employer Adecco under the contract of employment between them. The claim therefore fails.

Unlawful Deduction from Wagesfailed

The claimant's unlawful deductions claim failed because it was unparticularised and not dealt with in his evidence. Additionally, the payment of wages was the contractual responsibility of Adecco, not the respondent, as the claimant was employed by Adecco throughout.

Otherfailed

The claimant claimed written reasons for dismissal under section 92 ERA. This right is only available to employees. As the claimant was not an employee of the respondent, he did not have this right. In any event, he was told the reason for termination of his assignment in an email dated 21 December 2023.

Facts

The claimant worked as a driver in the respondent's Waste Services department from July 2020 to December 2023. He was employed by Adecco agency and assigned to work at Tower Hamlets. Following a trade union dispute, long-term agency workers were offered permanent employment subject to a simplified recruitment process including satisfactory references. The claimant participated in this process on 13 November 2023. On 12 December 2023, his assignment was terminated after the respondent received a reference from his previous employer, London Borough of Newham, stating he had been dismissed. The claimant contended he had become an employee of the respondent on 13 November 2023 and was dismissed for trade union activities.

Decision

The tribunal found that the claimant was at all material times an employee of Adecco, not the respondent. He did not sign a contract of employment with the respondent on 13 November 2023, only a declaration of interest form. The respondent merely terminated his agency assignment; they did not dismiss him. As he was not an employee of the respondent, he had no right to claim unfair dismissal, written reasons for dismissal, notice pay, or other employment rights that are only available to employees. All claims failed.

Practical note

Agency workers pursuing employment rights must establish employee status with the putative employer; a long placement and involvement in a simplified recruitment process will not convert agency status to direct employment without a concluded contract, and rights remain with the actual employer.

Legal authorities cited

McMeechan v Secretary of State for Employment [1995] IRLR 461

Statutes

ERA 1996 s.135TULRCA 1992 s.146ERA 1996 s.230Working Time Regulations 1998 reg.16Employment Tribunals (Extension of Jurisdiction) Order 1994 art.3TULRCA 1992 s.152ERA 1996 s.94ERA 1996 s.108ERA 1996 s.92ERA 1996 s.23

Case details

Case number
3200700/2024
Decision date
20 September 2024
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
3
Classification
contested

Respondent

Name
London Borough of Tower Hamlets
Sector
local government
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Driver
Service
3 years

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
solicitor