Cases2302231/2024

Claimant v Skyes Cleaning Group Limited

18 September 2024Before Employment Judge E FowellAshfordremote video

Outcome

Claimant succeeds£637

Individual claims

Unlawful Deduction from Wagessucceeded

The tribunal found that Mrs White was a worker, not self-employed as the respondent claimed. The respondent deducted £45 from her final invoice for 'unnecessary work', but had no lawful basis for this deduction under section 13 ERA 1996. There was no relevant contract provision authorising deductions and she had not agreed in writing to the deduction.

Holiday Paysucceeded

Following the finding that Mrs White was a worker, she was entitled to accrued holiday pay at the statutory rate of 5.6 weeks per year under the Working Time Regulations 1998. The tribunal awarded one month's accrued holiday pay calculated at £112, being 1/12 of the annual entitlement of £1,344.

Breach of Contractsucceeded

The tribunal found the respondent had failed to provide written employment particulars as required from day one of employment by section 1 ERA 1996. The contract provided was defective as it failed to include details of holiday entitlement and other required particulars. The tribunal awarded two weeks' pay (£480) as there were no exceptional circumstances to justify a lower award.

Facts

Mrs White worked for a cleaning company for just over a month, initially as a Compliance Officer then as an Accounts Manager, working Wednesdays and Fridays at £15 per hour. She was given a self-employed contract but provided with company phone, tablet, laptop, email address and swipe card. She worked regular office hours with monitoring and supervision. When she resigned, the respondent made various deductions from her final invoice totalling £190, leaving £45 unpaid, and refused to pay any holiday pay.

Decision

The tribunal found Mrs White was a worker, not self-employed. She was integrated into the business, worked fixed hours, was supervised and monitored, and had no real ability to send a substitute or operate independently. The deductions from wages were unlawful, she was entitled to accrued holiday pay, and the respondent had breached its duty to provide written employment particulars. Total award of £637.

Practical note

Simply labelling someone as self-employed and requiring invoices does not make them self-employed where the working relationship shows economic dependence, integration into the business, and lack of genuine independence or client/customer relationship.

Award breakdown

Holiday pay£112
Unpaid wages£45

Legal authorities cited

Byrne Brothers Ltd v Baird [2002] IRLR 96Walters t/a Rosewood v Barik UKEAT/0053/16/BA

Statutes

Employment Rights Act 1996 s.13Employment Rights Act 1996 s.1Working Time Regulations 1998 Reg 2Employment Rights Act 1996 s.15

Case details

Case number
2302231/2024
Decision date
18 September 2024
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
1
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
other
Represented
Yes
Rep type
lay rep

Employment details

Role
Compliance Officer then Accounts Manager
Service
1 months

Claimant representation

Represented
No