Cases2215433/2023

Claimant v Nexmo Limited

9 September 2024Before Employment Judge T.R. SmithLondon Centralremote video

Outcome

Partly successful

Individual claims

Direct Discrimination(disability)partly succeeded

Tribunal found that non-award of Long Term Incentive (LTI) in February/March 2023 was direct disability discrimination. The tribunal inferred discrimination from: (1) chronology—claimant received performance bonuses/pay rises when not disabled, but these stopped when disabled; (2) inconsistent and poorly evidenced allegations of poor performance; (3) lack of documentary support for poor performance; and (4) claimant was the only one of 121 Nexmo employees not to receive LTI. Respondent failed to prove non-discriminatory reason. However, non-award of pay rise succeeded on non-discriminatory grounds—it was an automatic consequence of claimant not completing performance review forms.

Indirect Discrimination(disability)failed

Claimant alleged various PCPs: sick pay policy placing him on SSP after 26 weeks, requirement for unpaid leave, failure to have medical severance policy, and practice of refusing medical severance requests. Tribunal found some were PCPs but either: (1) they were not applied to claimant (e.g. never actually placed on SSP), (2) did not put disabled persons at particular disadvantage compared to non-disabled persons, or (3) were proportionate means of achieving legitimate aims (retention, rehabilitation, fairness). Claim dismissed.

Harassment(disability)failed

Claimant alleged various acts of harassment including being told he would go on SSP, being sent sickness policy, refusal of medical severance requests, and police welfare check. Tribunal found conduct was unwanted and related to disability, and had the effect of creating intimidating/hostile environment for claimant. However, tribunal found this effect was not reasonable in all the circumstances. Respondent acted reasonably throughout: it was appropriate to inform claimant of policy changes, to refuse termination when income protected by PHI and prospect of recovery existed, and entirely reasonable to contact police given content of claimant's email. Claim dismissed.

Facts

Claimant, a Senior Java Developer employed since February 2020, went on sick leave in December 2022 with depression and anxiety. He was not awarded a Long Term Incentive payment or pay rise for 2022 performance year (awards made February/March 2023). Claimant had received performance bonuses in previous years. Respondent alleged poor performance but provided no contemporaneous documentary evidence and did not inform claimant of performance concerns until litigation. Claimant was the only one of 121 Nexmo employees not to receive LTI (apart from someone who had left). During sick leave, claimant repeatedly requested medical severance but respondent declined, preferring to support return to work via permanent health insurance. Claimant raised complaints about treatment which he alleged were ignored.

Decision

Tribunal found that non-award of LTI was direct disability discrimination—burden of proof shifted due to timing, inconsistent explanations, and lack of evidence of poor performance; respondent failed to prove non-discriminatory reason. Non-award of pay rise was not discriminatory—it was automatic consequence of claimant not completing performance review forms. Indirect discrimination and harassment claims dismissed—PCPs either not applied, did not disadvantage disabled persons particularly, were proportionate, or effect of harassment was not reasonable given respondent acted appropriately throughout. Time extended on just and equitable grounds due to claimant's mental health.

Practical note

Inconsistent, poorly evidenced, and belatedly raised allegations of poor performance—particularly when contradicted by contemporaneous praise and where key witnesses do not give evidence—can shift the burden of proof in direct discrimination claims, especially where the timing coincides with the employee becoming disabled.

Legal authorities cited

Igen v Wong [2005] ICR 931Field v Steve Pie [2022] EAT 68Veolia Environmental Services UK v Mr M Gumbs UKEAT/0487/12/BAMadarassy v Nomura International Plc [2007] ICR 867Jones v Secretary of State for Health and Social Care [2024] EAT 2London Borough of Islington v Ladele [2009] IRLR 154 (EAT)Stockton on Tees Borough Council v Aylott [2010] ICR 1278 CALaw Society and ors v Bahl [2003] IRLR 640 EATNottingham City Transport Ltd v Harvey [2013] All ER(D) 267 EATIshola v Transport for London [2020] ICR 1204 CAPendleton v Derbyshire County Council [2016] IRLR 580Ahmed v Department for Work and Pensions [2022] EAT 107Hartley v Foreign and Commonwealth office Services [2016] ICR EATWarby v Wunda Group plc EAT 0434/11Hendricks v Metropolitan Police Commissioner [2003] ICR 530

Statutes

Equality Act 2010 s.6Equality Act 2010 s.19Equality Act 2010 s.23Equality Act 2010 s.26Equality Act 2010 s.136Employment Rights Act 1996Equality Act 2010 s.13

Case details

Case number
2215433/2023
Decision date
9 September 2024
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
6
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
technology
Represented
Yes
Rep type
lay rep

Employment details

Role
Senior Java Developer
Salary band
£80,000–£100,000
Service
4 years

Claimant representation

Represented
No