Cases3310553/2023

Claimant v Home Angels Healthcare Services Limited

2 August 2024Before Employment Judge SmeatonReadingin person

Outcome

Partly successful

Individual claims

Unfair Dismissalfailed

The tribunal found no dismissal occurred on 31 May 2023. Although the respondent removed the claimant's work and failed to respond to her grievance, the reasonable observer would not understand this as a dismissal but rather as the respondent wrongly insisting she was on a zero hours contract and refusing to provide work. The claimant did not resign, so no constructive dismissal occurred. The employment was not terminated until at least 19 January 2024 when a P45 was issued.

Unlawful Deduction from Wagespartly succeeded

The tribunal found the claimant was entitled to payment for 66 days (29 May to 2 August 2023 inclusive). She was ready and willing to work on 29-30 May but could not do so because the respondent had not paid her and she could not afford petrol. On 31 May and thereafter until 2 August, her work was unjustifiably removed by the respondent. After 2 August, when work was offered and she did not respond, she was no longer ready and willing to work.

Breach of Contractfailed

The claim for unpaid notice pay failed because the tribunal found the claimant was not dismissed during the relevant period. The claim was dependent on establishing dismissal.

Holiday Payfailed

The claim for holiday pay failed because the tribunal found the claimant was not dismissed during the relevant period. The parties had agreed she would be entitled to 4.3 days holiday pay if dismissed, but as no dismissal was found, the claim failed.

Facts

The claimant worked as a Senior Carer for six years, regularly working six days a week. In May 2023, the respondent repeatedly failed to pay her on time. When she complained publicly on WhatsApp, the respondent removed all her work, blocked her access to systems, and refused to provide her with shifts. The respondent's director told her she was on a zero hours contract (which the tribunal found she was not) and would not say when she could return. The respondent failed to respond to her grievance. The claimant found new employment in September 2023.

Decision

The tribunal found no dismissal occurred, but upheld the claim for unlawful deduction of wages for 66 days (29 May to 2 August 2023). The claimant was ready and willing to work but was prevented from doing so because the respondent had not paid her and then unjustifiably removed her work. The award will be uplifted by 25% for the respondent's failure to follow ACAS procedures. Claims for notice pay, holiday pay and pension contributions failed as they were dependent on establishing dismissal.

Practical note

An employer's removal of all work and failure to respond to communications may amount to a fundamental breach of contract justifying constructive dismissal, but does not constitute dismissal itself unless unequivocally communicated; however, removing work from an employee who is ready and willing to work constitutes unlawful deduction of wages.

Adjustments

ACAS uplift+25%

25% uplift applied to unpaid wages award due to the respondent's complete failure to deal with the claimant appropriately when she tried to enquire about her status and entitlement to work and when she lodged a formal grievance

Legal authorities cited

Feltham Management Ltd v Feltham EAT 0201/16Somerset County Council v Chambers EAT 0417/12Agarwal v Cardiff University [2018] EWCA Civ 204New Century Cleaning Company Limited v Church [2000] IRLR 27Sandle v Adecco UK Ltd UKEAT/0028/16

Statutes

ERA 1996 s.221ERA 1996 s.94ERA 1996 s.27ERA 1996 s.13

Case details

Case number
3310553/2023
Decision date
2 August 2024
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
1
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
healthcare
Represented
No

Employment details

Role
Senior Carer
Service
7 years

Claimant representation

Represented
No