Cases2216283/2023

Claimant v NICE Systems UK Limited

7 May 2024Before Employment Judge CoenLondon Centralremote video

Outcome

Claimant succeeds

Individual claims

Unfair Dismissalsucceeded

The tribunal found that while a redundancy situation existed (the business required a Director-level role with different skills in the US, not a manager-level technical role in London), the claimant's dismissal was not wholly or mainly attributed to redundancy. Instead, it was attributed to the respondent's perception that the claimant was a 'flight risk' (likely to leave) following his '50% quitting' comment, and concerns about his interpersonal skills and communication style. The tribunal concluded the dismissal was therefore not by reason of redundancy and was unfair. The tribunal also found significant procedural flaws: the replacement Director was recruited before consultation began, the claimant was not invited to apply for the new role, and consultation was on a fait accompli rather than a genuine proposal.

Facts

Claimant employed by software company from 2011 as Cloud Information Security Manager, working remotely from home since 2016. In January 2023, new line manager (Joe Larkin) took over and claimant told him he was '50% quitting' due to dissatisfaction with remuneration. Claimant's baby born May 2023. In April 2023, respondent decided to create US-based Director role (at $200k vs claimant's £80k) to provide more senior customer-facing support following business merger. Director recruited and offer made before redundancy consultation began. Claimant placed at risk on return from paternity leave in June 2023, dismissed in July 2023 after three consultation meetings. Claimant also had ongoing dispute about hybrid working requirements (two days per week in office) which he had not complied with since 2016.

Decision

Tribunal found unfair dismissal. While a genuine redundancy situation existed (need for Director-level role with greater customer-facing responsibilities in US, not manager-level technical role in London), the claimant's dismissal was not attributed to that redundancy. Instead, it was attributed to respondent's perception that claimant was a 'flight risk' likely to leave, and concerns about his direct communication style and interpersonal skills. Significant procedural flaws included recruiting replacement before consultation and not inviting claimant to apply for new role. Tribunal applied Polkey deduction of nine months, finding claimant would have been dismissed fairly by April 2024 considering various scenarios (redundancy, flexible working dispute, conduct issues, voluntary resignation). No contributory conduct reduction applied as no blameworthy conduct found.

Practical note

An employer cannot lawfully dismiss for redundancy when the real reason is concern that the employee might resign and dissatisfaction with their interpersonal style, even if a genuine redundancy situation also exists — causation under s.139 ERA requires the dismissal to be wholly or mainly attributable to the redundancy situation.

Legal authorities cited

Clark v Civil Aviation Authority [1991] IRLR 412Williams v Compair Maxam [1982] ICR 156Polkey v A E Dayton Services Ltd [1988] ICR 142Murray v Foyle Meats Ltd [2000] 1 AC 51Murphy v Epsom College [1985] ICR 80BBC v Farnworth EAT 1000/97Robinson v British Island Airways Ltd [1978] ICR 304Hakki v Instinctif Partners Ltd EAT 0112/14Langston v Cranfield University [1998] IRLR 172R v British Coal Corporation ex parte Price [1994] IRLR 72Hendy Banks City Print v Fairbrother UKEAT/0691/04Steen v ASP Packing Ltd UKEAT/23/13Wilkinson v Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency [2022] EAT 23

Statutes

ERA 1996 s.123(6)ERA 1996 s.122(2)ERA 1996 s.139(1)(b)(ii)ERA 1996 s.98

Case details

Case number
2216283/2023
Decision date
7 May 2024
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
2
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
technology
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Manager, Cloud Information Security, Cloud Operations
Salary band
£80,000–£100,000
Service
12 years

Claimant representation

Represented
No