Cases1403561/2023

Claimant v University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust

16 April 2024Before Employment Judge SmailExeterremote video

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Constructive Dismissalstruck out

Claim presented nearly 4 months out of time (effective date of termination 30 October 2022, claim filed 22 May 2023, primary limitation expired 29 January 2023). Tribunal found it was reasonably practicable for claimant to present claim in time given her intellectual resources, previous tribunal experience, and ability to compose a well-written resignation impact statement. She could have researched time limits or brought claim alongside her resignation.

Direct Discrimination(race)struck out

Claims relating to Spring 2018 staffing decisions (refusal to move claimant to Cumberland Unit and employment of 4 white workers in preference) were 5 years before claim presentation and were separate, unrelated matters from later allegations. Not part of conduct extending over a period. Plainly out of time and tribunal declined to extend time on just and equitable grounds.

Direct Discrimination(disability)struck out

Claims relating to Spring 2018 refusal to move claimant were 5 years before presentation and separate from later matters. For later allegations (2018-2021) regarding Ms Carr's conduct, tribunal found 17-month delay between last act (December 2021) and claim (May 2023) caused evidential prejudice. Caroline Dowse's emails deleted, witnesses' recollections faded. Claimant had intellectual resources and previous tribunal experience to bring claim timeously. Not just and equitable to extend time despite claims having prospects of success.

Discrimination Arising from Disability (s.15)(disability)struck out

Same reasoning as direct disability discrimination claims. Tribunal acknowledged claims had prospects of success but found the 17-month delay after last allegation, combined with claimant's previous tribunal experience, intellectual resources (demonstrated by well-crafted resignation impact statement), and ability to bring claim alongside or shortly after resignation, meant it was not just and equitable to extend time. Evidential prejudice to respondents from deleted emails and faded recollections.

Harassment(race)struck out

Allegations of harassment by Ms Carr spanning 2018-2021, including mocking claimant's walk, comments about smell of weed, sniffing claimant's neck, and comments about Black Lives Matter. Tribunal found 17-month delay prejudicial given deleted emails and fading memories. Despite claimant being on anti-depressants, she had capacity to write detailed resignation impact statement and had brought previous tribunal claim. Not just and equitable to extend time despite arguable merits.

Harassment(disability)struck out

Same reasoning as race harassment claims. Allegations included mocking the way claimant walked and comments about marijuana use relating to her pain. Tribunal acknowledged claims had prospects of success but found claimant had intellectual resources and previous tribunal experience to bring claim within time or alongside resignation in September 2022, rather than waiting until May 2023. Evidential prejudice from passage of time made extension of time unjust.

Victimisationstruck out

Victimisation claims based on protected act of bringing 2016 tribunal claim which settled via ACAS COT3 in February 2018. Same time limit issues as other discrimination claims. Spring 2018 allegations 5 years old and separate from later matters. Later allegations suffered same evidential prejudice from 17-month delay. Tribunal found it unreasonable for claimant not to bring claim within limitation period given her resources and experience.

Facts

Claimant, a black Emergency Nurse Practitioner with disabilities (pelvic pain, reduced mobility, depression), brought claims of race and disability discrimination, harassment and constructive unfair dismissal against NHS Trust and individual colleague Ms Carr. She alleged discriminatory treatment in 2018 regarding transfer to Cumberland Unit, and ongoing harassment by Ms Carr between 2018-2021 including mocking her walk, comments about marijuana use, sniffing her neck, and racist remarks about Black Lives Matter. After unsatisfactory mediation in December 2021, she was signed off for 9 months before resigning in September 2022. She presented claims in May 2023, over 4 months after her dismissal and 17 months after the last alleged discriminatory act.

Decision

Tribunal dismissed all claims as out of time. Found it was reasonably practicable for claimant to present unfair dismissal claim within primary limitation period, and not just and equitable to extend time for discrimination claims. Despite acknowledging claims had prospects of success, tribunal found claimant had intellectual resources (demonstrated by well-written resignation statement), previous tribunal experience from 2016 claim, and capacity despite mental health issues to bring claims timeously. Passage of time caused evidential prejudice with key witness emails deleted and memories faded.

Practical note

A claimant's demonstrated intellectual capacity, previous tribunal experience, and ability to articulate claims in other contexts (such as detailed resignation letters) will count against extensions of time, even where the claimant suffers from depression and the underlying claims have merit.

Legal authorities cited

Robertson v Bexley Community Centre [2003] IRLR 434Barnes v Metropolitan Police Commissioner UKEAT/0474/05Palmer and Saunders v Southend on Sea Borough Council [1984] IRLR 119Singh v Post Office [1973] ICR 437Jones v Secretary of State for Health and Social Care [2024] EAT 2Chief Constable of Lincolnshire Police v Caston [2009] EWCA Civ 1298Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University Local Health Board v Morgan [2018] EWCA Civ 640

Statutes

EqA 2010 s.123ERA 1996 s.111(2)

Case details

Case number
1403561/2023
Decision date
16 April 2024
Hearing type
preliminary
Hearing days
1
Classification
procedural

Respondent

Sector
healthcare
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Emergency Nurse Practitioner
Service
8 years

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
lay rep