Claimant v Mrs Tiwaporn Sutawan Reid
Outcome
Individual claims
The tribunal found that the first respondent failed to pay the claimant wages of £500 net per week for the period 1 December 2022 to 2 May 2023. Despite a time limit issue, the tribunal extended time finding it not reasonably practicable for the claimant to have commenced proceedings earlier due to his very limited English, lack of legal advice, and assurances from the respondent that payment would be made. The claimant's evidence was credible and reliable, while the first respondent's was not.
The tribunal accepted the claimant's evidence that he did not take any annual leave between April 2023 and 4 August 2023 and was not paid for accrued leave on termination. This constituted an unauthorised deduction from wages under section 13 ERA 1996 and a failure to pay under Regulation 14 of the Working Time Regulations 1998. The claim for £816.66 was awarded.
The tribunal found the first respondent was in breach of contract for failing to pay wages due for the period December 2022 to April 2023 and for accrued annual leave pay. The claim was brought within jurisdiction under the Employment Tribunals Extension of Jurisdiction (Scotland) Order 1994, and the first respondent had no defence having failed to file a response in time. The tribunal awarded damages for unpaid wages.
The claimant had claimed notice pay but the tribunal found this was not appropriate given evidence of a written resignation by the claimant on 4 August 2023. It was not clear there had been a breach of contract by the employer founding a wrongful dismissal claim. The claim for notice pay was therefore rejected.
Facts
The claimant, a Thai national with very limited English, was employed by the first respondent from December 2022 to prepare and operate a Thai restaurant in Edinburgh. He was orally promised £500 net per week but received no wages until May 2023, only payments for equipment and stock. From May 2023 wages were paid weekly, mostly by the second respondent company. The claimant resigned on 4 August 2023. No written contract, payslips, or particulars were provided. The first respondent failed to pay outstanding wages or holiday pay, and failed to remit tax and NI to HMRC.
Decision
The tribunal found the first respondent was the employer and had made unauthorised deductions from wages by failing to pay £10,857.14 for December 2022 to April 2023 and £816.66 in accrued holiday pay. The tribunal extended time for the early period claim, finding it not reasonably practicable for the claimant to have claimed earlier given his language barrier and lack of legal advice. The tribunal awarded £11,316.66 net, with the first respondent responsible for all tax and NI obligations. The claim against the second respondent was dismissed.
Practical note
Employment tribunals will extend time limits where a claimant with limited English and no legal advice could not reasonably have been expected to bring a claim earlier, particularly where the employer gave assurances of payment and failed to provide basic statutory documentation like contracts and payslips.
Award breakdown
Legal authorities cited
Statutes
Case details
- Case number
- 4106296/2023
- Decision date
- 11 April 2024
- Hearing type
- full merits
- Hearing days
- 1
- Classification
- contested
Respondent
- Sector
- hospitality
- Represented
- No
- Rep type
- self
Employment details
- Role
- cleaning and repair works
- Service
- 8 months
Claimant representation
- Represented
- No