Cases2401633/2022

Claimant v Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust

11 April 2024Before Employment Judge BarkerManchesterin person

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Direct Discrimination(disability)struck out

Claim struck out as abuse of process. The claimant failed to clarify whether claim 6 was an amendment to claims 1-5 or a new claim despite repeated requests from the Tribunal. All matters complained of in claim 6 existed by February 2022 and should have been included in the final hearing of claims 1-5 in August 2022. The claimant had been given clear guidance on how to include these allegations through an amendment application but failed to do so in time. It was not in the interests of justice to allow a further 5-day hearing on matters that could and should have been dealt with previously.

Indirect Discrimination(disability)struck out

Claim struck out as abuse of process for the same reasons as the direct discrimination claim. The claimant had ample opportunity to include these allegations in the earlier proceedings but failed to clarify her position despite being given extensions and guidance.

Discrimination Arising from Disability (s.15)(disability)struck out

Claim struck out as abuse of process. The discrimination claims related to Mr Jackson shredding documents in September 2021 and the grievance outcome in January 2022. These matters existed in full by February 2022 but the claimant failed to include them in claims 1-5 despite being asked to clarify whether she wished to amend those claims.

Failure to Make Reasonable Adjustments(disability)struck out

Claim struck out as abuse of process. The claimant alleged Mr Jackson failed to make reasonable adjustments by shredding her organised documents and returning them in an unusable electronic format. However, she failed to clarify in time that she wished these allegations to be added to claims 1-5, meaning they could not be heard at the August 2022 final hearing.

Harassment(disability)struck out

Claim struck out as abuse of process for the same reasons. The harassment allegations related to the same core facts about document shredding that the claimant knew about by September 2021 but failed to properly raise in time for the final hearing.

Victimisation(disability)struck out

Claim struck out as abuse of process. Additionally, the victimisation claim suffered from issue estoppel because the protected disclosures relied upon in claim 6 had already been determined and dismissed in claims 1-5. The new detriments alleged relied on findings of fact made in earlier proceedings which had failed.

Detrimentstruck out

The whistleblowing detriment claims were subject to issue estoppel. The protected disclosures relied upon in claim 6 had already been determined and dismissed by the Tribunal in claims 1-5. The claimant could not rely on those disclosures to pursue further detriment claims in claim 6, including in relation to Mr Jackson's conduct.

Facts

The claimant, who has dyslexia and was assisted by an intermediary, brought her sixth employment tribunal claim against the NHS Trust. This claim (claim 6) related primarily to Mr Jackson shredding organised documents she had provided for a grievance investigation in September 2021, and returning them in an unusable electronic format. She had five previous claims (claims 1-5) which went to a 15-day final hearing in August 2022. She knew about the document shredding by September 2021 and was repeatedly asked by Employment Judge Leach between January and May 2022 to clarify whether claim 6 was an amendment to claims 1-5 or a new claim. Despite extensions and guidance, she failed to clarify in time, resulting in claim 6 being treated as a separate claim to be heard after the final hearing of claims 1-5.

Decision

The Tribunal struck out all claims in claim 6 as an abuse of process under the Henderson v Henderson principle. The whistleblowing detriment claims also suffered from issue estoppel as the protected disclosures had already been dismissed in claims 1-5. The judge found that all matters in claim 6 existed by February 2022 and should have been included in the August 2022 final hearing. The claimant had been given clear opportunities and guidance to include these matters through an amendment application but failed to do so despite multiple extensions. The judge rejected the claimant's argument that she was misled by Employment Judge Leach, finding she had ample time and guidance to clarify her position. It was not in the interests of justice to allow a further 5-day hearing in 2025 for matters that could and should have been dealt with in 2022.

Practical note

A party who fails to include all known allegations in existing proceedings despite repeated opportunities and guidance to amend risks having subsequent claims struck out as an abuse of process, particularly where this would require disproportionate further tribunal time after extensive earlier hearings.

Legal authorities cited

Arnold v National Westminster Bank plc (No.1) [1991] 2 AC 93Johnson v Gore Wood and Co [2002] 2 AC 1London Borough of Haringey v O'Brien EAT 0004/16Henderson v Henderson (1843) 3 Hare 100Thoday v Thoday [1964] P 181Conservation v Cokayne [2008] ICR 185Virgin Atlantic Airways Ltd v Zodiac Seats UK Ltd [2014] AC 160

Statutes

Equality Act 2010 s.13Equality Act 2010 s.27Equality Act 2010 s.26Equality Act 2010 s.20-22Equality Act 2010 s.19Equality Act 2010 s.15

Case details

Case number
2401633/2022
Decision date
11 April 2024
Hearing type
preliminary
Hearing days
1
Classification
procedural

Respondent

Sector
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Administrative staff

Claimant representation

Represented
No