Cases1601484/2021

Claimant v R1

7 April 2024Before Employment Judge S MooreCardiffin person

Outcome

Claimant succeeds£46,699

Individual claims

Detrimentsucceeded

The tribunal found the claimant was removed from the management WhatsApp group, asked to return her keys, and falsely accused of theft immediately before her dismissal. These acts were done because she made protected disclosures about R4's alleged abusive relationship with Person A and because she raised grievances about sexual harassment by R5. The tribunal concluded these were detriments under s47B ERA 1996 and victimisation detriments under s27 EQA 2010.

Automatic Unfair Dismissalsucceeded

The claimant was dismissed on 19 June 2021 by R4 without any right to reply or proper procedure, 20 minutes after being falsely accused of theft. The tribunal found the dismissal was automatically unfair under s103A ERA 1996 because it was done for making protected disclosures about R4 and R5's misconduct. The stated reasons (poor performance, gross misconduct, breach of social media policy) were found to be completely unfounded and fabricated.

Victimisationsucceeded

The tribunal found the claimant was subjected to detriments and ultimately dismissed because she raised a formal grievance on 9 June 2021 alleging sexual harassment by R5 and other discriminatory conduct. The respondents constructed a false disciplinary case and dismissed her in retaliation for making protected acts under s27 EQA 2010. The dismissal was conducted in a brutal manner by the very individuals she had complained about.

Harassment(sex)succeeded

R4 made comments about watching staff on CCTV from his bath and wishing there were cameras in the toilets. He also stood inappropriately close to the claimant during training. R5 repeatedly made sexual comments about the claimant's nipples after she emerged from the freezer, commented she should not bend down in front of men, and discussed pornographic games at work. These unwanted conducts of a sexual nature violated the claimant's dignity and created a hostile work environment.

Harassment(sexual orientation)succeeded

R5 referred to a homosexual staff member with epilepsy as a 'gay retard' after an argument and on another occasion referred to a co-worker as a 'butch lesbian'. These offensive comments related to sexual orientation were made in the claimant's presence and created a degrading environment. The tribunal found these amounted to harassment under s26 EQA 2010.

Harassment(race)succeeded

R5 repeatedly referred to a co-worker of Indian ethnicity as 'Barry' in the claimant's presence, mimicked his accent when speaking to him, and used the phrase 'thank you, come again' (a racist stereotype). The tribunal found this conduct related to race and was harassment under s26 EQA 2010, creating a hostile and degrading environment.

Harassment(disability)succeeded

R5 referred to the claimant as a 'gay retard' during a training session after observing her table layout. This offensive comment related to disability (the use of the derogatory term 'retard') and violated the claimant's dignity. The tribunal concluded this amounted to harassment related to disability under s26 EQA 2010.

Harassment(gender reassignment)succeeded

R4 and R5 repeatedly used the female birth name and female pronouns when referring to a former colleague who identified as male. They customarily referred to this person as 'the heshe' and when the person left employment, R4 told the claimant 'It has left'. The tribunal found this conduct related to gender reassignment and amounted to harassment, creating a degrading and hostile environment.

Facts

The claimant was employed as a kitchen assistant and later promoted to shift manager at a hospitality business from September 2020 to June 2021. She was subjected to repeated sexual harassment by R5 (shift manager) and R4 (another manager), including offensive sexual comments, standing inappropriately close, and discussions of pornography. She also witnessed harassment related to sexual orientation, race, disability and gender reassignment directed at other colleagues. The claimant and a colleague raised concerns with management about R4's alleged abusive relationship with a vulnerable employee (Person A), involving financial control and psychological abuse. They reported this to social services and police. On 1 June 2021 the claimant raised a formal grievance. Ten days later she was called into an office alone with R4 and R5 (the individuals she had complained about), falsely accused of theft, and summarily dismissed 20 minutes later without any right to reply. The stated reasons (poor performance, gross misconduct, social media breach) were fabricated.

Decision

The tribunal upheld all claims finding the claimant was subjected to multiple acts of harassment related to sex, sexual orientation, race, disability and gender reassignment. The dismissal was automatically unfair under s103A ERA 1996 for making protected disclosures and also constituted victimisation under the Equality Act 2010. The respondents fabricated disciplinary allegations and conducted the dismissal in a brutal manner through the very managers the claimant had complained about. The tribunal awarded total compensation of approximately £46,700 plus interest and grossing up, with injury to feelings in the upper Vento band, aggravated damages, and a 25% ACAS uplift for wholesale failure to follow proper procedures.

Practical note

Employers who dismiss whistleblowers who report sexual harassment and abuse by managers face substantial liability, particularly where the dismissal is conducted by the alleged perpetrators themselves without any proper procedure, resulting in upper band Vento awards and aggravated damages.

Award breakdown

Basic award£229
Compensatory award£5,795
Injury to feelings£29,000
Pension loss£69
Loss of statutory rights£500
Interest£6,606

Vento band: upper

Adjustments

ACAS uplift+25%

Respondent failed to properly investigate the claimant's grievance alleging sexual harassment. The allegations against R5 were not even put to him. The dismissal was conducted without proper procedure, with no right to be accompanied, and the claimant was dismissed by the two managers she had complained about. The stated reasons were fabricated and malicious. This represented a wholescale failure to comply with the ACAS Code.

Legal authorities cited

Vento v Chief Constable of West Yorkshire Police [2003] ICR 318Al Jumard v Clwyd Leisure Ltd [2008] IRLR 345London Borough of Hackney v Sivanandan [2013] EWCA Civ 22Ministry of Defence v Cannock [1994] ICR 918Wardle v Credit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank [2011] EWCA Civ 545Virgo Fidelis Senior School v Boyle [2004] IRLR 268Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis v Shaw UKEAT/0125/11/ZTWilding v British Telecommunications Plc [2002] ICR 1079

Statutes

ERA 1996 s.103AEqA 2010 s.26EqA 2010 s.27EqA 2010 s.124EA 2002 s.38TULR(C)A 1992 s.207AERA 1996 s.47B

Case details

Case number
1601484/2021
Decision date
7 April 2024
Hearing type
remedy
Hearing days
4
Classification
contested

Respondent

Name
R1
Sector
hospitality
Represented
Yes
Rep type
solicitor

Employment details

Role
Kitchen Assistant, later Shift Manager
Service
9 months

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister