Cases2400194/2024

Claimant v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions

30 December 2025Before Employment Judge ShotterLiverpoolin person

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Harassment(sex)struck out

Sexual harassment claims dated 12 May 2022 (incidents 1-18) struck out as scandalous or vexatious and having no reasonable prospect of success. The covert recordings did not support the claimant's transcripts, the claimant was not named in most incidents, and the claims were well out of time having not been raised in the July 2022 grievance.

Harassment(religion)partly succeeded

Claims of harassment on grounds of protected belief dated 24 March 2023 (incidents 19-26) not struck out but deposit orders made as they have little reasonable prospect of success. Claims dated 26 May 2023 (incidents 32-36), 7 July 2023 (incidents 37-39), and 8 August 2023 (incidents 40-42) struck out as scandalous or vexatious with no reasonable prospect of success given reliance on recordings of unnamed colleagues and respondent prejudice.

Direct Discrimination(sex)struck out

Direct sex discrimination claim struck out under Rule 38(1)(a) as scandalous or vexatious and having no reasonable prospect of success. The claimant relied on an actual comparator (Dave Jones) who was also male, which made no sense and had no prospect of establishing less favourable treatment on grounds of sex.

Direct Discrimination(religion)partly succeeded

Direct discrimination on grounds of protected political belief not struck out but deposit order made as the claim has little reasonable prospect of success. The claimant is unlikely to discharge the burden of proving his comparator Dave Jones is in materially similar circumstances aside from political belief, given the paucity of evidence and inadequate recordings.

Victimisationstruck out

All victimisation claims struck out or made subject to deposit orders. The claimant's grievance dated 15 July 2022 made no reference to discrimination allegations and alleged only bullying and management issues. The claimant has little reasonable prospect of establishing he did a protected act or that subsequent treatment was because of it.

Constructive Dismissalpartly succeeded

Constructive unfair dismissal claim not struck out but deposit order made as it has little reasonable prospect of success. The claimant has little reasonable prospect of establishing a cumulative breach, that he did not delay resigning after the last alleged breach, or that the allegations from 12 May 2022 onwards can form part of a continuing course of conduct given the move to a new office with different colleagues.

Facts

The claimant worked as an administration officer for the respondent and was moved to a different department as a reasonable adjustment. He alleged widespread discrimination by over 100 colleagues based on his perceived German appearance and his conservative political beliefs. The claimant covertly recorded hundreds of hours of workplace conversations over several years, producing selective 'snippets' and transcripts which he claimed evidenced sexual harassment and discrimination. He raised a grievance in July 2022 alleging bullying but made no mention of discrimination. He resigned in August 2023 after an unsuccessful grievance appeal. The respondent applied to strike out the claims and/or for deposit orders on the basis they had no or little reasonable prospect of success and were scandalous and vexatious.

Decision

The Tribunal struck out the majority of the claims as having no reasonable prospect of success and being scandalous and vexatious. The covert recordings did not support the claimant's fabricated transcripts, most incidents involved unnamed colleagues, the claimant was not named in alleged conversations, and the claims were well out of time. The remaining claims (incidents on 24 March and 26 May 2023, direct belief discrimination, and constructive dismissal) were not struck out but made subject to deposit orders as having little reasonable prospect of success. The Tribunal found the claimant's conduct of the litigation unreasonable and warned he risks a substantial costs order.

Practical note

A litigant in person who covertly records colleagues and produces selective, fabricated transcripts that do not match the recordings, fails to name alleged discriminators, and brings claims well out of time with no contemporaneous complaints of discrimination, faces strike out for having claims that are scandalous and vexatious with no reasonable prospect of success, even in discrimination cases.

Legal authorities cited

Derbyshire v St Helens Metropolitan Borough Council [2007] ICR 841Anyanwu v South Bank Student Union 2001 ICR 391 HLAhir v British Airways plc 2017 EWCA Civ 1392Ezsias v North Glamorgan NHS Trust 2007 IRLR 603Bennett v Southwark LBC 2002 EWCA Civ 223Arrow Nominees v Blackledge 2000 2 BCLC 167 CAHM Prison Service v Dolby 2003 IRLR 694Barclays Bank plc v Kapur 1991 ICR 208 HLWestern Excavating (ECC) Ltd v Sharp 1978 ICR 221 CABournemouth University Higher Education Corporation v Buckland 2010 ICR 908 CAIgen Ltd v Wong 2005 ICR 931 CALaing v Manchester City Council 2006 ICR 1519 EATChief Constable of West Yorkshire Police v Khan 2001 ICR 1065 HL

Statutes

Equality Act 2010 s.27Employment Rights Act 1996Equality Act 2010 s.13Equality Act 2010 s.26

Case details

Case number
2400194/2024
Decision date
30 December 2025
Hearing type
preliminary
Hearing days
3
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
public sector
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Administration Officer
Salary band
£15,000–£20,000

Claimant representation

Represented
No