Cases3301204/2025

Claimant v Secretary of State for Business and Trade

7 November 2025Before Employment Judge TynanCambridgein person

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Unlawful Deduction from Wagesfailed

The tribunal dismissed the claims for arrears of pay on the grounds that the Respondent had already paid each Claimant eight weeks' pay out of the National Insurance Fund. Section 184(1)(a) and (2)(d) of the Employment Rights Act 1996 limits total arrears of pay, including remuneration under a protective award, to a maximum of eight weeks. The Respondent had no further liability.

Facts

Three claimants, former employees of insolvent employer Tingdene Homes Ltd, brought claims against the Secretary of State for Business and Trade for unpaid wages from 1 November 2023 to 5 December 2023. They had already received eight weeks' pay from the National Insurance Fund covering a protective award period running from 5 December 2023 to 4 March 2024. The claimants argued they were entitled to additional payment for the earlier period as there was no overlap.

Decision

The tribunal dismissed all three claims. Employment Judge Tynan held that section 184 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 limits total arrears of pay recoverable from the National Insurance Fund to a maximum of eight weeks, and this includes remuneration under a protective award. Since each claimant had already been paid eight weeks' pay, the Respondent had no further liability regardless of whether the periods overlapped.

Practical note

When claiming from the National Insurance Fund following employer insolvency, the eight-week statutory cap on arrears of pay under s.184 ERA 1996 applies to the total of all arrears including protective award payments, not separately to each type of payment.

Legal authorities cited

Statutes

Employment Rights Act 1996 s.182Employment Rights Act 1996 s.184(1)(a)Employment Rights Act 1996 s.184(2)(d)Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992 s.189

Case details

Case number
3301204/2025
Decision date
7 November 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
1
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
central government
Represented
No

Claimant representation

Represented
No