Cases4102891/2018

Claimant v East Lothian Council

1 April 2025Before Employment Judge Michelle SutherlandScotlandin person

Outcome

Partly successful£15,250

Individual claims

Harassment(disability)succeeded

The Cowen tribunal found in March 2020 that two acts by JS on 24 February and 1 March 2016 constituted harassment related to disability. The respondent was ordered to pay £5,000 including interest for these breaches in March 2024.

Failure to Make Reasonable Adjustments(disability)succeeded

The Cowen tribunal found the respondent failed to remove JS as the claimant's manager between October and November 2016. This tribunal awarded £15,250 compensation plus £10,178 interest for this failure, finding it caused injury to feelings (£1,200) and exacerbated psychiatric injury (£14,050) for a 4-month period.

Failure to Make Reasonable Adjustments(disability)withdrawn

The complaint regarding failure to remove or extend the four-week time limit in the redeployment policy was withdrawn by the claimant during this hearing.

Discrimination Arising from Disability (s.15)(disability)failed

The tribunal found the dismissal was unfavourable treatment because of something (absence from work) arising from disability. However, it was objectively justified as a proportionate means of achieving legitimate aims: ensuring effective service to vulnerable adults, minimising impact on the team, and demonstrating value for money. The claimant refused to participate in redeployment and there was no prospect of return to work.

Unfair Dismissalfailed

The tribunal found the principal reason for dismissal was capability (17 months absence due to ill health with no prospect of return). The respondent acted in accordance with its attendance policy, obtained OH advice, offered redeployment opportunities three times (which the claimant refused), and acted within the band of reasonable responses. The dismissal was therefore fair.

Facts

The claimant worked for East Lothian Council for 16 years as an Employability Support Worker. She was disabled by reason of brain aneurysm, depression and anxiety. Following acts of harassment by her line manager JS in February/March 2016 and the commencement of a disciplinary investigation, she went on sick leave in May 2016 certified with work-related stress. Her son died in October 2016. The council failed to explicitly and permanently remove JS as her manager between October-November 2016 (a reasonable adjustment previously found by the Cowen tribunal). The claimant refused to participate in the redeployment process offered three times, wanting it to be without time limit. After 17 months absence with no prospect of return, she was dismissed for capability in October 2017.

Decision

This tribunal dealt with remedy for the earlier finding of failure to make reasonable adjustments and re-heard the discrimination arising from disability and unfair dismissal claims. The tribunal awarded £15,250 plus £10,178 interest for the reasonable adjustment failure (£1,200 injury to feelings, £14,050 psychiatric injury for 4-month exacerbation). The unfair dismissal and discrimination arising from disability claims failed: the dismissal was objectively justified and fair because the claimant had been absent 17 months with no return prospect, refused redeployment, and the employer acted within the band of reasonable responses.

Practical note

Even where an employer has previously failed to make reasonable adjustments, a subsequent capability dismissal after prolonged absence can still be both objectively justified under s.15 EqA and procedurally fair under s.98 ERA if the adjustment failure did not cause the ongoing absence and the employee refuses reasonable redeployment opportunities.

Award breakdown

Injury to feelings£1,200
Interest£10,178

Vento band: lower

Award equivalent: 41.2 weeks' gross pay

Legal authorities cited

Iceland Frozen Foods v Jones [1983] ICR 17Abernethy v Mott, Hay and Anderson 1974 ICR 323Pnaiser v NHS England 2016 IRLR 170Sheikholeslami v University of Edinburgh UKEATS/0014/17/JWFoley v Post Office; Midland Bank plc v Madden [2000] IRLR 827S v Dundee City Council 2014 IRLR 131Post Office v Jones 2001 ICR 805O'Brien v Bolton St Catherine's Academy 2017 ICR 737Vento v Chief Constable of West Yorkshire Police (No.2) 2003 ICR 318BAE Systems (Operations) Ltd v Konczak [2017] EWCA Civ 1188Ali v Torrosian and ors (t/a Bedford Hill Family Practice) EAT 0029/18DB Schenker Rail (UK) Ltd v Doolan EATS 0053/09Willow Oak Developments Ltd v Silverwood 2006 ICR 1552

Statutes

EqA 2010 s.20EqA 2010 s.21EqA 2010 s.22EqA 2010 s.26EqA 2010 s.123ERA 1996 s.98EqA 2010 s.15

Case details

Case number
4102891/2018
Decision date
1 April 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
7
Classification
contested

Respondent

Name
East Lothian Council
Sector
local government
Represented
Yes
Rep type
barrister

Employment details

Role
Employability Support Worker
Salary band
£15,000–£20,000
Service
16 years

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
solicitor