Cases3301215/2024

Claimant v Royal Mail Group Limited

14 March 2025Before Employment Judge Shastri-HurstReadingin person

Outcome

Claimant fails

Individual claims

Direct Discrimination(race)failed

The tribunal found that the claimant's comparator (Mr Palaima) was not in materially similar circumstances due to differences in seniority and disability-related adjustments. The tribunal concluded that the reason the claimant did not receive a flow-through job was the application of the resourcing policy based on seniority, not race. There was insufficient evidence to shift the burden of proof, and the tribunal was satisfied the treatment was in no sense because of the claimant's race.

Victimisationfailed

The alleged detriment (being placed on the surplus list) occurred on 18 September 2023, but the protected act (the grievance) was not made until 2 October 2023. Chronologically, the protected act could not have caused the detriment. Additionally, the tribunal found the reason for being placed on surplus was unrelated to the protected act and was due to the claimant's seniority and rejection of the offered role.

Facts

The claimant, an Operational Postal Grade employee at Heathrow Worldwide Distribution Centre, was not given a flow-through role during a 2023 shift revision. He compared his treatment to that of a white colleague, Mr Palaima, who was allocated a role. The claimant had a seniority number of 1044 out of 1200 employees. Following the revision, he was placed on a surplus list after rejecting the role offered to him. He raised a grievance on 2 October 2023 alleging race discrimination.

Decision

The tribunal dismissed both claims. The direct race discrimination claim failed because the comparator was not in materially similar circumstances (different seniority and disability adjustments), and the tribunal found the reason for the treatment was the application of a seniority-based policy, not race. The victimisation claim failed because the alleged detriment (being placed on surplus) occurred before the protected act (the grievance), making causation impossible.

Practical note

In discrimination claims arising from workplace restructuring, material differences in circumstances such as seniority or disability-related adjustments will defeat comparator arguments, and chronology is fatal to victimisation claims where the detriment precedes the protected act.

Legal authorities cited

Shamoon v Chief Constable of the Royal Ulster Constabulary [2003] ICR 337O'Neill v Governors of ST Thomas More Roman Catholic Voluntary Aided Upper School [1996] IRLR 372Laing v Manchester City Council [2006] ICR 1519Virgin Active Ltd v Hughes [2023] EAT 130Martin v Devonshires Solicitors [2011] ICR 352Ministry of Defence v Jeremiah [1980] ICR 13Nagarajan v London Regional Transport [2000] 1 AC 501Nagarajan v London Regional Transport [2000] 1 AC 501Madarassy v Nomura International Plc [2007] ICR 867Efobi v Royal Mail Group Ltd [2021] UKSC 33Igen v Wong [2005] ICR 931Chief Constable of West Yorkshire Police v Khan [2001] UKHL 48

Statutes

Equality Act 2010 s.23Equality Act 2010 s.27Equality Act 2010 s.39Equality Act 2010 s.136Equality Act 2010 s.13

Case details

Case number
3301215/2024
Decision date
14 March 2025
Hearing type
full merits
Hearing days
2
Classification
contested

Respondent

Sector
logistics
Represented
Yes
Rep type
solicitor

Employment details

Role
Operational Postal Grade

Claimant representation

Represented
Yes
Rep type
lay rep